Bratisl Lek Listy. 2022;123(4):244-247. doi: 10.4149/BLL_2022_039.
The study was aimed at the characterization of humoral immunity in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Humoral immunity plays a central role in the protection from infection due to SARS-CoV-2, causative agent of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19).
In 24 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19, the functional subsets of circulating B-lymphocytes and SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA and IgG antibodies were analyzed using a flow cytometry and immunoassays, respectively.
Circulating plasmablasts and memory B-lymphocytes were significantly elevated and regulatory B-lymphocytes significantly decreased in the patients in comparison with 11 age- and sex-matched SARS-CoV-2 seronegative healthy adults. Next, circulating plasmablasts correlated negatively with the levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies, which were detectable in 9 out of 15 tested patients. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA antibodies were detectable in 13 of 15 tested patients and did not demonstrate correlation with any B-lymphocyte subset.
Severe course of COVID-19 is associated with significant changes of phenotypes of circulating B-lymphocytes and elevated circulating plasmablasts correlate with decreased SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 14).
本研究旨在描述急性 SARS-CoV-2 感染中的体液免疫特征。
体液免疫在预防由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染中起着核心作用。
在 24 名因 COVID-19 住院的成年患者中，使用流式细胞术和免疫测定法分别分析了循环 B 淋巴细胞的功能亚群和 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 IgA 和 IgG 抗体。
与 11 名年龄和性别匹配的 SARS-CoV-2 血清阴性健康成年人相比，患者的循环浆母细胞和记忆 B 淋巴细胞显著升高，调节性 B 淋巴细胞显著减少。接下来，循环浆母细胞与 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 IgG 抗体的水平呈负相关，在 15 名检测患者中有 9 名可检测到。此外，在 15 名检测患者中有 13 名可检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 IgA 抗体，但与任何 B 淋巴细胞亚群均无相关性。
COVID-19 的严重病程与循环 B 淋巴细胞表型的显著变化相关，而升高的循环浆母细胞与 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 IgG 抗体的减少相关（表 2，图 3，参考文献 14）。
