Sayed Mahmoud Marie Radwa El-, Abd El-Fadeel Noha M, El-Sayed Marei Yara, Atef Lina M
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Dermatol Res Pract. 2022 Mar 8;2022:5004642. doi: 10.1155/2022/5004642. eCollection 2022.
Alopecia areata (AA) is an acquired hair loss disorder induced by a cell-mediated autoimmune attack against anagen hair follicles. CD27-CD70 is a receptor-ligand complex which enhances T helper and cytotoxic T cell activation, survival, and proliferation. The overstimulation of this complex can lead to a lack of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity.
This study aimed to assess the gene expression of CD27 and CD70 in patients with AA.
CD70 and CD27 mRNA expressions were evaluated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in scalp biopsies from 40 AA patients (both AA lesions and non-lesional areas) and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score was used to assess AA severity. Patients were evaluated for signs of AA activity, including a positive hair pull test and dermoscopic features of black dots, broken hairs, and tapering hairs.
The gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was significantly higher in AA lesions than in non-lesional areas ( < 0.001 for both) and HCs (=0.004, =0.014, respectively). There were significant positive correlations between AA severity and gene expression of CD70 ( < 0.001) and CD27 (=0.030) in AA lesions. Significant associations were detected between signs of AA activity and lesional gene expression of CD70 and CD27. Additionally, CD70 and CD27 gene expression was significantly lower in non-lesional biopsies compared to HCs ( < 0.001).
Gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was increased in AA lesions and was associated with disease severity and activity. Thus, both molecules can be a predictor of AA severity and activity. Furthermore, the expression was reduced in non-lesional scalp areas. Thus, a lack of CD27 and CD70 expression may initially predispose to immunological dysregulation and the development of AA.
斑秃（AA）是一种由针对生长期毛囊的细胞介导的自身免疫攻击引起的后天性脱发疾病。CD27 - CD70是一种受体 - 配体复合物，可增强辅助性T细胞和细胞毒性T细胞的活化、存活及增殖。该复合物的过度刺激可导致免疫耐受缺失和自身免疫性疾病的发生。
本研究旨在评估斑秃患者中CD27和CD70的基因表达情况。
采用定量实时聚合酶链反应评估40例斑秃患者（包括斑秃皮损区和非皮损区）及40例健康对照者头皮活检组织中CD70和CD27 mRNA的表达。使用脱发严重程度工具（SALT）评分评估斑秃的严重程度。对患者进行斑秃活动迹象评估，包括拔发试验阳性以及黑点、断发和锥形发的皮肤镜特征。
CD70和CD27的基因表达在斑秃皮损区显著高于非皮损区（两者均P < 0.001）和健康对照者（分别为P = 0.004，P = 0.014）。斑秃严重程度与斑秃皮损区CD70（P < 0.001）和CD27（P = 0.030）的基因表达之间存在显著正相关。在斑秃活动迹象与皮损区CD70和CD27的基因表达之间检测到显著关联。此外，与健康对照者相比，非皮损活检组织中CD70和CD27基因表达显著降低（P < 0.001）。
CD70和CD27的基因表达在斑秃皮损区增加，且与疾病严重程度和活动相关。因此，这两种分子均可作为斑秃严重程度和活动的预测指标。此外，在非皮损头皮区域表达降低。因此，CD27和CD70表达的缺乏可能最初易导致免疫失调和斑秃的发生。
