Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 17;20(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01329-5.
Unintended pregnancy is a global issue with serious ramifications for women, their families, and society, including abortion, infertility, and maternal death. Although existing contraceptive strategies have been widely used in people's lives, there have not been satisfactory feedbacks due to low contraceptive efficacy and related side effects (e.g., decreased sexuality, menstrual cycle disorder, and even lifelong infertility). In recent years, biomaterials-based long-acting reversible contraception has received increasing attention from the viewpoint of fundamental research and practical applications mainly owing to improved delivery routes and controlled drug delivery. This review summarizes recent progress in advanced biomaterials for long-acting reversible contraception via various delivery routes, including subcutaneous implant, transdermal patch, oral administration, vaginal ring, intrauterine device, fallopian tube occlusion, vas deferens contraception, and Intravenous administration. In addition, biomaterials, especially nanomaterials, still need to be improved and prospects for the future in contraception are mentioned.
意外怀孕是一个全球性问题，对妇女、她们的家庭和社会都有严重的影响，包括堕胎、不孕和产妇死亡。尽管现有的避孕策略已经在人们的生活中广泛应用，但由于避孕效果不佳和相关副作用（例如，性欲下降、月经周期紊乱，甚至终身不孕），并没有得到满意的反馈。近年来，基于生物材料的长效可逆避孕措施受到了基础研究和实际应用的关注，主要是因为改进了给药途径和控制药物释放。本综述通过各种给药途径，包括皮下植入、透皮贴剂、口服、阴道环、宫内节育器、输卵管阻塞、输精管避孕和静脉给药，总结了用于长效可逆避孕的先进生物材料的最新进展。此外，生物材料，特别是纳米材料，仍需要改进，并提到了未来避孕的前景。
