Stanford University, CA, USA.
Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2023 Jun;49(6):837-851. doi: 10.1177/01461672211072815. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
Extraverts are often characterized as highly social individuals who are highly invested in their interpersonal interactions. We propose that extraverts' interaction partners hold a different view-that extraverts are highly social, but not highly invested. Across six studies (five preregistered; = 2,456), we find that interaction partners consistently judge more extraverted individuals to be worse listeners than less extraverted individuals. Furthermore, interaction partners assume that extraversion is positively associated with a greater ability to modify one's self-presentation. This behavioral malleability (i.e., the "acting" component of self-monitoring) may account for the unfavorable lay belief that extraverts are not listening.
外向者通常被认为是高度社交的个体，他们非常关注自己的人际交往。我们提出，外向者的互动伙伴持有不同的观点，即外向者非常社交，但并不非常投入。在六项研究中（五项预先注册；N=2456），我们发现互动伙伴一致认为，更外向的人比不那么外向的人更不善于倾听。此外，互动伙伴认为，外向与更大的能力改变自我呈现有关。这种行为的可塑造性（即自我监控的“表演”成分）可能解释了为什么外倾者不善于倾听的这种不受欢迎的观点。
