聚合物的机械化学合成。

Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.

Department of Chemistry, Bahir Dar University, Peda Street 07, PO Box 79, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia.

Chem Soc Rev. 2022 Apr 4;51(7):2873-2905. doi: 10.1039/d1cs01093j.

Mechanochemistry - the utilization of mechanical forces to induce chemical reactions - is a rarely considered tool for polymer synthesis. It offers numerous advantages such as reduced solvent consumption, accessibility of novel structures, and the avoidance of problems posed by low monomer solubility and fast precipitation. Consequently, the development of new high-performance materials based on mechanochemically synthesised polymers has drawn much interest, particularly from the perspective of green chemistry. This review covers the constructive mechanochemical synthesis of polymers, starting from early examples and progressing to the current state of the art while emphasising linear and porous polymers as well as post-polymerisation modifications.

机械化学——利用机械力引发化学反应——是一种很少被考虑用于聚合物合成的工具。它具有许多优点，例如减少溶剂消耗、可获得新型结构以及避免单体溶解度低和快速沉淀带来的问题。因此，基于机械化学合成聚合物的新型高性能材料的开发引起了广泛关注，特别是从绿色化学的角度来看。本文综述了聚合物的建设性机械化学合成，从早期的例子开始，一直到当前的最新进展，同时强调了线性和多孔聚合物以及聚合后的修饰。