University Hospital Ostrava, Department of Surgery, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Martin, Slovak Republic.
J Appl Biomed. 2022 Mar;20(1):1-6. doi: 10.32725/jab.2022.004. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. For this reason, huge efforts are being invested in discovering suitable blood biomarkers that would allow early diagnosis and treatment. One of the possible promising candidates for this role are microRNA molecules (miRNAs). The aim of the study was to identify individual blood miRNAs that could be used as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung cancer.
This prospective study analyzed blood samples of 60 patients with early-stage lung cancer, and blood samples of 60 healthy individuals. All study patients with lung cancer had undergone radical pulmonary resection at the University Hospital Ostrava within the study period (2015-2017). Definitive diagnosis of lung cancer was confirmed by histopathology examination of the resected pulmonary specimen. We investigated relative expressions in selected 13 blood miRNAs; the examined miRNAs were miR-126, miR-155, miR-221, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145, miR-133a, let-7a, miR-146a, miR-31, miR-182, let-7g and miR-19b.
The outcome of this study showed that the levels of the majority of the tested circulating miRNA in lung cancer patients are significantly altered. The most significant serum miRNA biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer are as follows: miR-143, let-7g, miR-126, let-7a, and miR-145 (miR-143 and miR-145 have oncogene functions, while miR-126, let-7g and let-7a have suppressor functions).
We have demonstrated the excellent diagnostic value of several miRNAs (miR-126, miR-143, miR-145, let-7a and let7g). These have an estimated sensitivity and specificity of 75-85% and 0.90-0.93 AUC. However, these individual miRNA biomarkers require further validation in larger prospective cohorts.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。出于这个原因，人们正在投入大量精力来发现合适的血液生物标志物，以便进行早期诊断和治疗。microRNA 分子（miRNAs）是一种可能有前途的候选标志物。本研究的目的是确定可作为早期诊断肺癌的潜在生物标志物的个体血液 miRNAs。
这项前瞻性研究分析了 60 例早期肺癌患者和 60 例健康个体的血液样本。所有肺癌患者均在研究期间（2015-2017 年）在奥斯特拉发大学医院接受了根治性肺切除术。通过对切除的肺标本进行组织病理学检查确认肺癌的明确诊断。我们研究了 13 种选定的血液 miRNA 的相对表达量；检查的 miRNA 为 miR-126、miR-155、miR-221、miR-21、miR-143、miR-145、miR-133a、let-7a、miR-146a、miR-31、miR-182、let-7g 和 miR-19b。
本研究结果表明，大多数肺癌患者的循环 miRNA 水平明显改变。用于早期检测肺癌的最显著血清 miRNA 生物标志物如下：miR-143、let-7g、miR-126、let-7a 和 miR-145（miR-143 和 miR-145 具有癌基因功能，而 miR-126、let-7g 和 let-7a 具有抑制基因功能）。
我们已经证明了几种 miRNA（miR-126、miR-143、miR-145、let-7a 和 let7g）具有出色的诊断价值。这些 miRNA 的估计灵敏度和特异性分别为 75-85%和 0.90-0.93 AUC。然而，这些单个 miRNA 生物标志物需要在更大的前瞻性队列中进一步验证。
