School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada.
Environmental Engineering Program, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, British Columbia V2N 4Z9, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Jun 15;432:128659. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128659. Epub 2022 Mar 11.
This study presents a novel life cycle assessment-based framework for low-impact offshore oil spill response waste (OSRW) management. The framework consists of design of experiment, life cycle assessment (LCA), multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), operational cost analysis, and generation of regression models for impact prediction. The framework is applied to four OSRW management strategies as different combinations of solid and liquid oily waste collection, segregation, transportation, and treatment/disposal technologies. Hypothetical scenarios based on oily waste compositions are developed, and the associated environmental impacts and operational costs are evaluated. The LCA results show that oily waste composition accounts for < 5% of the total environmental impacts. Chemical demulsification has the highest total impacts due to high marine ecotoxicity and human toxicity, followed by incineration and transportation. The cost analysis reveals that the strategy comprised of centrifugation and landfilling is most preferable while the combination of chemical demulsification and incineration is least favorable. The strategy of combined use of centrifugation and landfilling is ranked as the most suitable in the MCDA. Regression models are developed to predict environmental impacts based on important factors. The framework can help waste management practitioners select low-impact strategies for handling offshore OSRW.
本研究提出了一种基于生命周期评估的新型近海溢油应急废物（OSRW）管理框架。该框架包括实验设计、生命周期评估（LCA）、多准则决策分析（MCDA）、运营成本分析以及用于影响预测的回归模型生成。该框架应用于四种 OSRW 管理策略，即固液含油废物收集、分离、运输和处理/处置技术的不同组合。基于含油废物成分开发了假设情景，并评估了相关的环境影响和运营成本。LCA 结果表明，含油废物成分仅占总环境影响的<5%。由于高海洋生态毒性和人类毒性，化学破乳剂的总影响最高，其次是焚烧和运输。成本分析表明，由离心和填埋组成的策略是最可取的，而化学破乳和焚烧的组合是最不利的。在 MCDA 中，联合使用离心和填埋的策略被评为最合适的策略。开发了回归模型，可根据重要因素预测环境影响。该框架可以帮助废物管理从业者选择处理近海 OSRW 的低影响策略。
