微小 RNA（-146a、-21 和 -34a）是糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断和预后生物标志物。
MicroRNAs (-146a, -21 and -34a) are diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
出版信息
Biomed J. 2021 Dec;44(6 Suppl 2):S242-S251. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.11.003. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
BACKGROUND
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is implicated in blindness of diabetic patients. Early diagnosis of DR is very essential to ensure good prognosis. The role of microRNAs (miRs) as biomarker diagnostic tools in DR is not fully investigated. The present study aimed to find the relation between serum relative expression of microRNAs (miR-146a, miR-21 and miR-34a) and severity of DR and to what extent their expression pattern can be used as either diagnostic or prognostic.
METHODS
Eighty type 2 diabetic patients were classified according to severity of DR into normal, mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Serum relative expressions of miRNAs were evaluated by qPCR and statistically analysed in each stage using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tuckey-Kramer post-test.
RESULTS
Serum relative expressions of miR-146a and miR-21 were increased with increased severity of DR. miR-34a decreased with the severity of DR. The expression pattern in each group in relation to normal fundus group could be diagnostic and prognostic where miR-146a was only increased in mild group and continued with the severity. In moderate group miR-21 start to increase along with slight decrease in miR-34a. In severe NPDR group along with highly increased levels of both miR-146a and miR-21, a marked decrease in miR-34a. In PDR group miR-34a was almost diminished along with very high levels of both miR-146a and miR-21.
CONCLUSIONS
miRs (-146a,-21 and-34a) are promising biomarkers in DR and can help to avoid disease progression.
背景
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是导致糖尿病患者失明的原因之一。早期诊断 DR 对于确保良好的预后非常重要。miRNAs（miR-146a、miR-21 和 miR-34a）作为 DR 生物标志物诊断工具的作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨血清相对表达的 microRNAs（miR-146a、miR-21 和 miR-34a）与 DR 严重程度之间的关系，以及它们的表达模式在多大程度上可作为诊断或预后工具。
方法
根据 DR 的严重程度，将 80 例 2 型糖尿病患者分为正常、轻度、中度、重度非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）和增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）。通过 qPCR 评估血清中 miRNAs 的相对表达水平，并使用方差分析（ANOVA）对每个阶段进行统计学分析，然后使用 Tukey-Kramer 事后检验进行比较。
结果
随着 DR 严重程度的增加，血清 miR-146a 和 miR-21 的相对表达水平升高，而 miR-34a 的相对表达水平降低。各组与正常眼底组的表达模式可作为诊断和预后标志物，其中 miR-146a 仅在轻度组中升高，并随严重程度的增加而持续升高。在中度组中，miR-21 开始升高，同时 miR-34a 略有下降。在重度 NPDR 组中，miR-146a 和 miR-21 的水平显著升高，而 miR-34a 的水平显著降低。在 PDR 组中，miR-34a 几乎消失，同时 miR-146a 和 miR-21 的水平非常高。
结论
miRs（-146a、-21 和-34a）是 DR 有前途的生物标志物，可帮助避免疾病进展。
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