Role of carbon-dioxide sequestering bacteria for clean air environment and prospective production of biomaterials: a sustainable approach.

The increase in demand of fossil fuel uses for developmental activity and manufacturing of goods have resulted a huge emission of global warming gases (GWGs) in the atmosphere. Among all GWGs, CO is the major contributor that inevitably causes global warming and climate change. Mitigation strategies like biological CO capture through sequestration and their storage into biological organic form are used to minimize the concentration of atmospheric CO with the goal to control climate change. Since increasing atmospheric CO level supports microbial growth and productivity thus microbial-based CO sequestration has remarkable advantages as compared to plant-based sequestration. This review focuses on CO sequestration mechanism in bacteria through different carbon fixation pathways, involved enzymes, their role in calcite, and other environmentally friendly biomaterials such as biofuel, bioplastic, and biosurfactant.