Bahrami Alireza, Khalesi Saman, Ghafouri-Taleghani Fatemeh, Alibeyk Sepide, Hajigholam-Saryazdi Maryam, Haghighi Shirin, Hejazi Ehsan
Student Research Committee, Department and Faculty of nutrition sciences and food technology.
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2022 Nov 1;31(6):577-584. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000748. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
Recent evidence suggests the link between adherence to an acidogenic diet and the risk of some types of cancers, such as colorectal and breast cancers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between dietary acid load and cancer risk.
Online databases ( PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Scholar Google and ISI web of sciences ) were searched between January 1990 and May 2021. The risk ratio (RR) was extracted from eligible studies and random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled RR of studies. Nine studies (three cohorts, six case-control) were included. Higher dietary acid load scores [including potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP)] were associated with the increased risk of cancer [RRPRAL, 1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-2.46; n = 8; RRNEAP, 1.58, 95% CI: 1.20-2.09, n = 7). Dose-response analysis suggested that a 20-score increase in dietary PRAL and NEAP was associated with 27 and 8% higher risk of cancer, respectively (RRPRAL, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.02-1.60; nonlinearity P = 0.12; RRNEAP, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13, nonlinearity P = 0.06). A significant positive relationship between dietary PRAL and risk of cancer was only observed in the subgroup of women. Associations were significant in both men and women for dietary NEAP. Subgroup analyses based on cancer type were only possible for breast cancer. There was no significant association between dietary acid load (PRAL and NEAP) and breast cancer risk.
Our analysis showed that high adherence to an acidogenic diet is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019146460.
近期证据表明，坚持产酸饮食与某些类型癌症（如结直肠癌和乳腺癌）的风险之间存在联系。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在阐明饮食酸负荷与癌症风险之间的关联。
检索了1990年1月至2021年5月期间的在线数据库（PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE、谷歌学术和科学网ISI）。从符合条件的研究中提取风险比（RR），并进行随机效应荟萃分析以计算各研究的合并RR。纳入了9项研究（3项队列研究、6项病例对照研究）。较高的饮食酸负荷评分[包括潜在肾酸负荷（PRAL）和净内源性酸生成（NEAP）]与癌症风险增加相关[RRPRAL，1.77；95%置信区间（CI），1.27 - 2.46；n = 8；RRNEAP，1.58，95% CI：1.20 - 2.09，n = 7]。剂量反应分析表明，饮食PRAL和NEAP分别增加20分与癌症风险升高27%和8%相关（RRPRAL，1.27；95% CI，1.02 - 1.60；非线性P = 0.12；RRNEAP，1.08；95% CI，1.02 - 1.13，非线性P = 0.06）。仅在女性亚组中观察到饮食PRAL与癌症风险之间存在显著正相关。饮食NEAP在男性和女性中均有显著关联。仅对乳腺癌进行了基于癌症类型的亚组分析。饮食酸负荷（PRAL和NEAP）与乳腺癌风险之间无显著关联。
我们的分析表明，高度坚持产酸饮食与癌症风险增加相关。本荟萃分析方案已在PROSPERO注册，注册号为CRD42019146460。
