Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2022 Jun;32(6):997-1012. doi: 10.1111/sms.14158. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
Knowledge about muscular forces and fascicle behavior during hamstring exercises can optimize exercise prescription, but information on these outcomes across different exercises is lacking. We aimed to characterize and compare lower-limb muscle forces and biceps femoris long head muscle fascicle behavior between three hamstring exercises: the Nordic hamstring curl (NHC), single-leg Roman chair (RCH), and single-leg deadlift (DL). Ten male participants performed the exercises while full-body kinematics, ground reaction forces, surface muscle activation, and biceps femoris long head fascicle behavior were measured. Mean fascicle length was highest in the DL, followed by the RCH and NHC. Fascicle lengthening was higher in the NHC compared with the RCH and DL, with no difference between the RCH and DL. Biceps femoris short and long head, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus peak forces were generally higher in the NHC compared with the RCH and DL, while mean forces during the eccentric phase were generally not different between the NHC and RCH. Peak forces in the NHC coincided with low biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus muscle activation. The NHC generally has the highest peak hamstring muscle forces and results in more fascicle lengthening when compared to the DL and RCH. The NHC may therefore be most effective to promote increases in fascicle length. While the NHC may be effective to promote biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus strength adaptations, the RCH and DL may be more effective to promote strength increases in the biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus.
关于腘绳肌运动时肌肉力量和肌束行为的知识可以优化运动方案，但不同运动中关于这些结果的信息却很缺乏。我们旨在描述和比较 3 种腘绳肌运动（北欧式坐姿提踵、单腿罗马椅和单腿硬拉）中下肢肌肉力量和股二头肌长头肌束行为。10 名男性参与者进行了这些运动，同时测量了全身运动学、地面反作用力、表面肌肉激活和股二头肌长头肌束行为。股二头肌长头肌束的平均长度在硬拉中最高，其次是罗马椅和坐姿提踵。与罗马椅和硬拉相比，坐姿提踵中的肌束拉伸更高，但罗马椅和硬拉之间没有差异。与罗马椅和硬拉相比，股二头肌短头和长头、半腱肌和半膜肌的峰值力在坐姿提踵中通常更高，而在离心阶段的平均力在坐姿提踵和罗马椅中通常没有差异。坐姿提踵中的峰值力与股二头肌长头和半膜肌的肌肉激活较低同时出现。与硬拉和罗马椅相比，坐姿提踵通常具有最高的峰值腘绳肌力量，并导致肌束拉伸更多。因此，与硬拉和罗马椅相比，坐姿提踵可能最有效地促进肌束长度的增加。虽然坐姿提踵可能有效地促进股二头肌短头和半腱肌的力量适应，但罗马椅和硬拉可能更有效地促进股二头肌长头和半膜肌的力量增加。
