Department of Psychology, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Psychology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Psych J. 2022 Aug;11(4):510-519. doi: 10.1002/pchj.536. Epub 2022 Mar 20.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between gender, anxiety, mindfulness, and theory of mind (ToM). It was also aimed to investigate the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between anxiety and ToM. Additionally, the moderating role of gender in the relevant relationships was examined. The sample consisted of 323 people, including 260 (80.5%) females and 63 (19.5%) males, aged between 18-62 years. Data were collected by the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory II, and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. It was found that ToM and anxiety levels were statistically significantly higher in women than men. In the regression analysis, it was detected that mindfulness predicts the 7% variance in ToM. The second predictor of ToM was found as anxiety, and both predictors explained the 9% variance in ToM. In the mediating analysis, it was found that mindfulness has a mediating role in the relationship between anxiety and ToM. In the moderated mediation analysis, it was determined that the pathway between anxiety and ToM was moderated by gender; the moderating role of gender also was found between mindfulness and ToM. In light of these findings, experimental future studies can be suggested with clinical samples for a better understanding of the relationships between gender, anxiety, mindfulness, and ToM.
本研究旨在探讨性别、焦虑、正念和心理理论（ToM）之间的关系。还旨在研究正念在焦虑与 ToM 之间的关系中的中介作用。此外，还检查了性别在相关关系中的调节作用。样本由 323 人组成，包括 260 名（80.5%）女性和 63 名（19.5%）男性，年龄在 18-62 岁之间。数据通过阅读眼睛测试、状态-特质焦虑量表 II 和正念注意意识量表收集。结果发现，女性的 ToM 和焦虑水平明显高于男性。在回归分析中，发现正念预测了 ToM 的 7%的变异。ToM 的第二个预测因子是焦虑，这两个预测因子解释了 ToM 的 9%的变异。在中介分析中，发现正念在焦虑与 ToM 之间的关系中具有中介作用。在有调节的中介分析中，确定了焦虑与 ToM 之间的途径被性别所调节；还发现了性别在正念与 ToM 之间的调节作用。根据这些发现，可以建议进行有临床样本的实验性未来研究，以更好地理解性别、焦虑、正念和 ToM 之间的关系。
