Hellum Rikke, Bilberg Randi, Nielsen Anette Søgaard
University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; and Psychiatric Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; and Psychiatric Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark; and OPEN, Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
Nordisk Alkohol Nark. 2022 Feb;39(1):89-104. doi: 10.1177/14550725211044861. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm not only to the person who drinks but also to the person's relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). A relationship with a heavy drinker is often full of conflicts, and CSOs are frequently exposed to aggression, psychological, and sometimes physical violence from the heavy drinker. Despite their struggles, CSOs often feel it is difficult to seek professional help for these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate what problems CSOs of people with alcohol problems experience prior to seeking professional help to handle these issues. Moreover, to investigate what led to seeking professional help at all. This is a qualitative study with 12 female help-seeking CSOs of persons with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) on Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three overall themes and one sub-theme emerged from the analysis: (1) The CSO's feelings and experiences of the situation prior to help-seeking, (2) The relationship with the drinker, (3) Reasons for help-seeking and its trajectory; and the sub-theme, What the CSOs hoped to gain from help-seeking. The present study showed that female CSOs of people with alcohol problems had suffered for a long time before seeking professional help. They felt their daily lives were unpredictable and stressful. They were often exposed to verbal and mental abuse and their relationships with the drinking relative were often characterised by frequent rowing. The CSOs had tried to cope for a long time using a number of different strategies; seeking help seemed to be the last option considered. Despite all the struggles and pain, the CSOs also felt a lot of love for their drinking relative and hoped for the return of their once sober relative. Our findings can be viewed as a support to the stress-strain-coping-support (SSCS) model proposed by Orford and colleagues.
在过去20年里，越来越多的证据表明，酗酒不仅会对饮酒者本人造成严重伤害，还会对其亲属及重要他人（CSO）造成伤害。与酗酒者的关系往往充满冲突，CSO经常遭受酗酒者的攻击、心理暴力，有时甚至是身体暴力。尽管他们努力应对，但CSO们往往觉得很难就这些问题寻求专业帮助。本研究的目的是调查有酒精问题者的CSO在寻求专业帮助来处理这些问题之前经历了哪些问题。此外，还要调查是什么导致他们最终寻求专业帮助。这是一项定性研究，研究对象为12名有酒精问题者的女性求助CSO。参与者是从一项关于社区强化和家庭训练（CRAFT）的随机对照试验（RCT）中招募的。进行了半结构化访谈，进行了录音并转录。分析基于解释性现象学分析。分析得出了三个总体主题和一个子主题：（1）CSO在寻求帮助之前对情况的感受和经历，（2）与饮酒者的关系，（3）寻求帮助的原因及其过程；以及子主题，CSO希望从寻求帮助中获得什么。本研究表明，有酒精问题者的女性CSO在寻求专业帮助之前已经遭受了很长时间的痛苦。她们觉得自己的日常生活不可预测且压力很大。她们经常遭受言语和精神虐待，与饮酒亲属的关系往往以频繁争吵为特征。CSO们长期以来一直试图用多种不同策略来应对；寻求帮助似乎是最后才考虑的选择。尽管经历了所有的挣扎和痛苦，CSO们仍然对饮酒亲属充满爱意，并希望曾经清醒的亲属能够回来。我们的研究结果可以被视为对奥福德及其同事提出的压力-应变-应对-支持（SSCS）模型的支持。
