Rayfield E J, Kelly K J, Yoon J W
Diabetes. 1986 Nov;35(11):1278-81. doi: 10.2337/diab.35.11.1278.
The congenital rubella syndrome provides the best documentation in humans that a viral infection is associated with the subsequent development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We have developed an animal model in neonatal golden Syrian hamsters infected with rubella virus passaged in beta-cells that closely parallels the diabetes observed with congenital rubella. The hamsters develop hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which are sustained throughout the 15-wk study period. A mononuclear infiltration of the islets, isolation of rubella virus from whole pancreas, the presence of viral antigen in beta-cells by immunofluorescent localization, and cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (40%) are demonstrated. These data suggest that an autoimmune process and diabetes develop after rubella virus infection in neonatal hamsters. This model may uncover the precise mechanism by which rubella virus induces similar disease in humans.
先天性风疹综合征为人类提供了关于病毒感染与随后发生的胰岛素依赖型糖尿病相关的最佳证据。我们在新生的叙利亚金仓鼠中建立了一种动物模型，这些仓鼠感染了在β细胞中传代的风疹病毒，该模型与先天性风疹所观察到的糖尿病情况极为相似。仓鼠出现高血糖和低胰岛素血症，在整个15周的研究期间持续存在。胰岛有单核细胞浸润，从整个胰腺中分离出风疹病毒，通过免疫荧光定位在β细胞中发现病毒抗原，以及存在胰岛细胞胞浆抗体（40%）。这些数据表明，新生仓鼠感染风疹病毒后会发生自身免疫过程和糖尿病。该模型可能揭示风疹病毒在人类中诱发类似疾病的精确机制。
