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含八边形的分子纳米碳的合成。

Synthesis of octagon-containing molecular nanocarbons.

作者信息

González Miera Greco, Matsubara Satoshi, Kono Hideya, Murakami Kei, Itami Kenichiro

机构信息

Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan

Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan

出版信息

Chem Sci. 2021 Dec 13;13(7):1848-1868. doi: 10.1039/d1sc05586k. eCollection 2022 Feb 16.

DOI:10.1039/d1sc05586k
PMID:35308842
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8848939/
Abstract

Nanocarbons, such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphenes, have long inspired the scientific community. In order to synthesize nanocarbon molecules in an atomically precise fashion, many synthetic reactions have been developed. The ultimate challenge for synthetic chemists in nanocarbon science is the creation of periodic three-dimensional (3D) carbon crystals. In 1991, Mackay and Terrones proposed periodic 3D carbon crystals with negative Gaussian curvatures that consist of six- and eight-membered rings (the so-called Mackay-Terrones crystals). The existence of the eight-membered rings causes a warped nanocarbon structure. The Mackay-Terrones crystals are considered a "dream material", and have been predicted to exhibit extraordinary mechanical, magnetic, and optoelectronic properties (harder than diamond, for example). To turn the dream of having this wonder material into reality, the development of methods enabling the creation of octagon-embedding polycyclic structures (or nanographenes) is of fundamental and practical importance. This review describes the most vibrant synthetic achievements that the scientific community has performed to obtain curved polycyclic nanocarbons with eight-membered rings, building blocks that could potentially give access as templates to larger nanographenes, and eventually to Mackay-Terrones crystals, by structural expansion strategies.

摘要

富勒烯、碳纳米管和石墨烯等纳米碳长期以来一直激发着科学界的兴趣。为了以原子精确的方式合成纳米碳分子，人们开发了许多合成反应。纳米碳科学中合成化学家面临的最终挑战是创造周期性的三维（3D）碳晶体。1991年，麦凯和特罗内斯提出了具有负高斯曲率的周期性3D碳晶体，其由六元环和八元环组成（即所谓的麦凯-特罗内斯晶体）。八元环的存在导致纳米碳结构发生扭曲。麦凯-特罗内斯晶体被认为是一种“梦幻材料”，并被预测具有非凡的机械、磁性和光电性能（例如比钻石还硬）。为了将拥有这种神奇材料的梦想变为现实，开发能够创建嵌入八边形的多环结构（或纳米石墨烯）的方法具有根本和实际的重要性。本综述描述了科学界为获得带有八元环的弯曲多环纳米碳所取得的最具活力的合成成果，这些构建块有可能通过结构扩展策略作为模板用于制备更大的纳米石墨烯，并最终用于制备麦凯-特罗内斯晶体。

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