Massa Marcelo, Moreira Alexandre, Costa Renato A, Lima Marcelo R, Thiengo Carlos R, Marquez Walter Q, Coutts Aaron J, Aoki Marcelo S
School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Biol Sport. 2022 Mar;39(2):435-441. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.106152. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
This study examined the influence of birth date, salivary testosterone [sT] concentration, sexual maturity status, and general strength on the selection process of an elite Brazilian soccer club during a 12-month period, which was a 2 phase of a 24-month selection process. The stature, body mass, sT, sexual maturity status [Tanner scale], and hand grip strength were assessed for 143 players during 2 weeks. From these 143 players, 100 players were dismissed [DIS] and 43 players were selected to integrate the club's under-14 squad. Following 1-year training period, the under-14 team was assembled with 9 players designated as starters [STA], and then, comparisons were conducted taking into account a group of non-starters (selected; SEL = 34 players) and STA (n = 09). The DIS, SEL, STA players, and reference population, were compared for birth distribution. A greater proportion of players was born in the first trimester in the STA [75.0%], SEL [57.1%] and DIS [50.0%] groups compared to the reference population [25.8%]. One-way ANOVA showed a higher sT for STA group [516.0 ± 129.9 pmol·L], compared to SEL [415.5 ± 117.9 pmol·L] and DIS groups [390.9 ± 84.9 pmol·L; p = 0.003), and Kruskall-Wallis test showed a higher gonadal development for STA compared to DIS [p = 0.001]. The current findings suggest a strong influence of birth date and biological maturation on young soccer players selection process. Soccer coaches should consider these influences when making decisions about player selection of elite youth players.
本研究调查了出生日期、唾液睾酮[sT]浓度、性成熟状态和一般力量对一家巴西精英足球俱乐部在12个月期间（这是一个24个月选拔过程的第二阶段）选拔过程的影响。在两周内对143名球员的身高、体重、sT、性成熟状态（坦纳量表）和握力进行了评估。在这143名球员中，100名球员被淘汰[DIS]，43名球员被选中加入俱乐部的14岁以下球队。经过1年的训练期，14岁以下球队由9名被指定为首发球员[STA]组成，然后，对一组非首发球员（入选；SEL = 34名球员）和STA（n = 09）进行了比较。对DIS、SEL、STA球员和参考人群的出生分布进行了比较。与参考人群[25.8%]相比，STA组[75.0%]、SEL组[57.1%]和DIS组[50.0%]中出生在第一季度的球员比例更高。单因素方差分析显示，STA组的sT较高[516.0 ± 129.9 pmol·L]，相比之下，SEL组为[415.5 ± 117.9 pmol·L]，DIS组为[390.9 ± 84.9 pmol·L；p = 0.003]，克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验显示，STA组的性腺发育高于DIS组[p = 0.001]。目前的研究结果表明，出生日期和生物成熟对年轻足球运动员的选拔过程有很大影响。足球教练在决定选拔精英青年球员时应考虑这些影响。
