Barrón-Martínez Julia B, Arias-Trejo Natalia
Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Int J Dev Disabil. 2020 Mar 11;68(2):182-189. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2020.1729016. eCollection 2022.
The perceptual similarity between two objects, specifically similarity in the shape of the referents, is a crucial element for relating words in earlier stages of development. The role of this perceptual similarity has not been systematically explored in children with Down syndrome (DS). The aim was to explore the role of perceptual similarity in relationships between words in children with DS. Two groups, children with typical development (TD) and children with DS, matched by gender and mental age, participated in a priming task with a preferential looking paradigm. The task presented validated perceptually-related word pairs (prime-target) and perceptually unrelated pairs. In the priming task both groups were asked to look at a target image (e.g. ) that was perceptually related (e.g. ) or unrelated (e.g. ) to the prime. Participants from both groups looked more at targets without perceptual similarity than at those with similarity to the prime, suggesting an inhibition effect. This finding suggests the role of visual information, particularly the shape of the referents, in the construction of the lexical system.
两个物体之间的感知相似性，特别是所指对象形状上的相似性，是早期发展阶段中词汇关联的关键要素。这种感知相似性在唐氏综合征（DS）儿童中的作用尚未得到系统研究。本研究旨在探讨感知相似性在DS儿童词汇关系中的作用。两组儿童，即发育正常（TD）儿童和DS儿童，按性别和心理年龄匹配，参与了一项采用优先注视范式的启动任务。该任务呈现了经过验证的感知相关词对（启动词-目标词）和感知不相关词对。在启动任务中，要求两组儿童观看与启动词在感知上相关（例如 ）或不相关（例如 ）的目标图像（例如 ）。两组参与者对与启动词无感知相似性的目标的注视时间比对与启动词有相似性的目标的注视时间更长，这表明存在抑制效应。这一发现表明视觉信息，特别是所指对象的形状，在词汇系统构建中的作用。
