Bowen Andrew, Shamritsky David, Santana Josue, Porter Ian, Feldman Erica, Pownder Sarah L, Koff Matthew F, Hayashi Kei, Hernandez Christopher J
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA.
Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA.
JBMR Plus. 2022 Feb 15;6(3):e10609. doi: 10.1002/jbm4.10609. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Bone marrow lesions are abnormalities in magnetic resonance images that have been associated with joint pain and osteoarthritis in clinical studies. Increases in the volume of bone marrow lesions have been associated with progression of joint degeneration, leading to the suggestion that bone marrow lesions may be an early indicator of-or even a contributor to-cartilage loss preceding irreversible damage to the joint. Despite evidence that bone marrow lesions play a role in osteoarthritis pathology, very little is known about the natural history of bone marrow lesions and their contribution to joint degeneration. As a result, there are limited data regarding the cell activity within a bone marrow lesion and any associated bone-cartilage cross-talk. Animal models provide the best approach for understanding bone marrow lesions at their early, reversible stages. Here, we review the few animal studies of bone marrow lesions. An ideal animal model of a bone marrow lesion occurs in joints large enough to accurately measure bone marrow lesion volume. Additionally, the ideal animal model would facilitate the study of bone-cartilage cross-talk by generating the bone marrow lesion immediately adjacent to subchondral bone and would do so without causing direct damage to neighboring soft tissues to isolate the effects of the bone marrow lesion on cartilage loss. Early reports demonstrate the feasibility of such an animal model. Given the irreversible nature of osteoarthritic changes in the joint, factors such as bone marrow lesions that are present early in disease pathogenesis remain an enticing target for new therapeutic approaches. © 2022 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
骨髓病变是磁共振图像中的异常表现，在临床研究中已发现其与关节疼痛和骨关节炎相关。骨髓病变体积的增加与关节退变的进展有关，这表明骨髓病变可能是关节发生不可逆损伤之前软骨丢失的早期指标，甚至可能是导致软骨丢失的一个因素。尽管有证据表明骨髓病变在骨关节炎病理过程中起作用，但对于骨髓病变的自然病程及其对关节退变的影响却知之甚少。因此，关于骨髓病变内细胞活性以及任何相关的骨-软骨相互作用的数据有限。动物模型为在骨髓病变早期、可逆阶段进行研究提供了最佳途径。在此，我们综述了为数不多的关于骨髓病变的动物研究。理想的骨髓病变动物模型应出现在足够大的关节中，以便准确测量骨髓病变体积。此外，理想的动物模型应通过在紧邻软骨下骨处产生骨髓病变来促进骨-软骨相互作用的研究，并且在不直接损伤邻近软组织的情况下进行，以分离骨髓病变对软骨丢失的影响。早期报告证明了这种动物模型的可行性。鉴于关节骨关节炎变化的不可逆性，疾病发病机制早期出现的诸如骨髓病变等因素仍然是新治疗方法颇具吸引力的靶点。© 2022作者。由Wiley Periodicals LLC代表美国骨与矿物质研究学会出版。
