Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States.
Front Neural Circuits. 2022 Mar 4;16:846905. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2022.846905. eCollection 2022.
A century worth of research has linked multiple cognitive, perceptual and behavioral states to various brain oscillations. However, the mechanistic roles and circuit underpinnings of these oscillations remain an area of active study. In this review, we argue that the advent of optogenetic and related systems neuroscience techniques has shifted the field from correlational to causal observations regarding the role of oscillations in brain function. As a result, studying brain rhythms associated with behavior can provide insight at different levels, such as decoding task-relevant information, mapping relevant circuits or determining key proteins involved in rhythmicity. We summarize recent advances in this field, highlighting the methods that are being used for this purpose, and discussing their relative strengths and limitations. We conclude with promising future approaches that will help unravel the functional role of brain rhythms in orchestrating the repertoire of complex behavior.
一个世纪的研究将多种认知、感知和行为状态与各种脑振荡联系起来。然而，这些振荡的机械作用和电路基础仍然是一个活跃的研究领域。在这篇综述中，我们认为，光遗传学和相关的系统神经科学技术的出现，已经将该领域从关于振荡在大脑功能中的作用的相关性观察转变为因果性观察。因此，研究与行为相关的脑节律可以在不同的层次上提供深入的了解，例如解码与任务相关的信息、映射相关的回路或确定与节律性相关的关键蛋白。我们总结了该领域的最新进展，重点介绍了为此目的而使用的方法，并讨论了它们的相对优势和局限性。最后，我们提出了有前途的未来方法，这些方法将有助于揭示大脑节律在协调复杂行为的范围内的功能作用。
