Ajilogba Caroline Fadeke, Olanrewaju Oluwaseyi Samuel, Babalola Olubukola Oluranti
Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.
Division of Agrometeorology, Agricultural Research Council, Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 2;13:836133. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836133. eCollection 2022.
With the rise in the world population, environmental hazards caused by chemical fertilizers, and a decrease in food supply due to global climate change, food security has become very pertinent. In addition, considerable parts of agriculture lands have been lost to urbanization. It has therefore been projected that at the present rate of population increase coupled with the other mentioned factors, available food will not be enough to feed the world. Hence, drastic approach is needed to improve agriculture output as well as human sustainability. Application of environmentally sustainable approach, such as the use of beneficial microbes, and improved breeding of underutilized legumes are one of the proposed sustainable ways of achieving food security. Microbiome-assisted breeding in underutilized legumes is an untapped area with great capabilities to improve food security. Furthermore, revolution in genomics adaptation to crop improvement has changed the approach from conventional breeding to more advanced genomic-assisted breeding on the host plant and its microbiome. The use of rhizobacteria is very important to improving crop yield, especially rhizobacteria from legumes like Bambara groundnut (BGN). BGN is an important legume in sub-Saharan Africa with high ability to tolerate drought and thrive well in marginalized soils. BGN and its interaction with various rhizobacteria in the soil could play a vital role in crop production and protection. This review focus on the importance of genomics application to BGN and its microbiome with the view of setting a potential blueprint for improved BGN breeding through integration of beneficial bacteria.
随着世界人口的增长、化肥造成的环境危害以及全球气候变化导致的粮食供应减少，粮食安全已变得至关重要。此外，相当一部分农业用地已因城市化而流失。因此，据预测，以目前的人口增长率加上上述其他因素，现有的粮食将不足以养活全世界。因此，需要采取严厉措施来提高农业产量以及人类的可持续性。应用环境可持续方法，如使用有益微生物，以及改良未充分利用的豆类品种，是实现粮食安全的可持续方法之一。在未充分利用的豆类中进行微生物组辅助育种是一个尚未开发的领域，具有极大的提高粮食安全的潜力。此外，基因组学在作物改良中的应用革命已经改变了方法，从传统育种转向对宿主植物及其微生物组进行更先进的基因组辅助育种。根际细菌的使用对提高作物产量非常重要，尤其是来自像 Bambara 花生（BGN）这样的豆类的根际细菌。BGN 是撒哈拉以南非洲的一种重要豆类，具有很强的耐旱能力，能在边缘土壤中良好生长。BGN 及其与土壤中各种根际细菌的相互作用可能在作物生产和保护中发挥至关重要的作用。本综述重点关注基因组学应用于 BGN 及其微生物组的重要性，以期通过整合有益细菌为改良 BGN 育种制定一个潜在的蓝图。
