Kuchta Kenny, Aritake Kosuke, Urade Yoshihiro, Tung Nguyen Huu, Yuan Chun-Su, Sasaki Yui, Shimizu Koichi, Shoyama Yukihiro
Forschungsstelle für Fernöstliche Medizin, Department of Vegetation Analysis and Phytodiversity, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.
Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 4;12:779821. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779821. eCollection 2021.
The objective of this review is to evaluate the anti-dementia activities of saffron and its combination with Kampo medicine. The Kampo formula Kamiuntanto composed of 13 crude drugs is well known for its anti-dementia activity. A significant increase in choline acetyltransferase activity and mRNA levels were observed. radix was identified as the most essential component drug in Kamiuntanto, probably due to the saponins, tenuifolin, and sinapinic acid. Ginseng was also identified as an essential Kamiuntanto component in terms of its synergistic functions with radix. Saffron, which was recommended in the Bencao Gangmu for memory and dementia, and is used as an anti-spasmodic, anti-catarrhal, and sedative herbal drug. Saffron and its major constituent, crocin were shown to enhance learning-memory, non-rapid eye movement (rem) sleep, and inhibit depression and neuronal cell death due to strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities. In addition based on the epidemiological studies such as the treatment of sleeping disorders and the clinical trials of saffron for Alzheimer patients, we demonstrated the indirect and direct anti-dementia activities of crocin and saffron.
本综述的目的是评估藏红花及其与汉方药组合的抗痴呆活性。由13种药材组成的汉方方剂“加味温胆汤”以其抗痴呆活性而闻名。观察到胆碱乙酰转移酶活性和mRNA水平显著增加。柴胡被确定为加味温胆汤中最重要的组成药物，可能是由于其中的皂苷、柴胡皂苷和芥子酸。人参因其与柴胡的协同作用也被确定为加味温胆汤的重要组成成分。藏红花在《本草纲目》中被推荐用于治疗记忆力减退和痴呆，并且用作解痉、抗卡他和镇静草药。藏红花及其主要成分西红花苷由于具有强大的抗氧化和抗炎活性，已显示出可增强学习记忆、非快速眼动睡眠，并抑制抑郁和神经元细胞死亡。此外，基于流行病学研究，如睡眠障碍的治疗以及藏红花用于阿尔茨海默病患者的临床试验，我们证明了西红花苷和藏红花的间接和直接抗痴呆活性。
