Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5.
Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Emerg Top Life Sci. 2022 Apr 15;6(2):201-213. doi: 10.1042/ETLS20210257.
Cattle microbiome plays a vital role in cattle growth and performance and affects many economically important traits such as feed efficiency, milk/meat yield and quality, methane emission, immunity and health. To date, most cattle microbiome research has focused on metataxonomic and metagenomic characterization to reveal who are there and what they may do, preventing the determination of the active functional dynamics in vivo and their causal relationships with the traits. Therefore, there is an urgent need to combine other advanced omics approaches to improve microbiome analysis to determine their mode of actions and host-microbiome interactions in vivo. This review will critically discuss the current multi-omics microbiome research in beef and dairy cattle, aiming to provide insights on how the information generated can be applied to future strategies to improve production efficiency, health and welfare, and environment-friendliness in cattle production through microbiome manipulations.
牛的微生物组在牛的生长和性能中起着至关重要的作用，并且影响许多具有重要经济意义的性状，如饲料效率、产奶/肉量和质量、甲烷排放、免疫和健康。迄今为止，大多数牛微生物组研究都集中在对分类群和宏基因组的特征描述上，以揭示存在的微生物及其可能的功能，从而无法确定体内活跃的功能动态及其与性状的因果关系。因此，迫切需要结合其他先进的组学方法来改进微生物组分析，以确定其在体内的作用模式和宿主-微生物组相互作用。本文将批判性地讨论当前在肉牛和奶牛中的多组学微生物组研究，旨在提供如何将产生的信息应用于未来策略的见解，以通过微生物组操作来提高牛生产的生产效率、健康和福利以及环境友好性。
