Research Group On Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Mar 21;22(1):552. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12916-4.
There are many studies that address the issue of gender-based violence, but few analyse the police-reported cases. It is as important to analyse the temporal and geographic distribution of these incidents as it is the sociodemographic profile of the accuser. To this effect, the present study aims to analyse the sociodemographic profile of the victims of the particular case of domestic violence that report the incident to the police and to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of these reports.
Using the data from a database containing the police-reported incidents of domestic violence in Girona in the period 2012-2018, the risk of a police-reported incident was estimated by adjusting the two-part Hurdle model.
The risk of reporting incidents of domestic violence to the police is higher in the less deprived areas of the city, and the spatial distribution of these police reports corroborate this finding. Nevertheless, those areas with the greatest socio-economic deprivation were also the ones where there were less police reports filed. Also the prediction of less police reports in the census tract with the highest percentage of the population with an insufficient educational level coincides with the largest number of police reports made by women with a medium and university level education (56.1%) compared with 9.5% of police reports made by women with insufficient schooling.
These results can be useful for social protection services to design policies specifically aimed at women residing in those areas with the highest risk. Moreover, the use of spatial statistical techniques together with geographic information systems tools is a good strategy to analyse domestic violence and other types of offences because they not only allow to graphically identify the spatial distribution, but it is also a good tool to identify problems related to this type of offence.
有许多研究都涉及到性别暴力问题，但很少有研究分析警方报告的案件。分析这些事件的时间和地理分布以及指控者的社会人口特征同样重要。为此，本研究旨在分析向警方报告家庭暴力特定案件的受害者的社会人口特征，并评估这些报告的时空分布。
使用包含 2012 年至 2018 年在赫罗纳发生的家庭暴力警方报告数据的数据库，通过调整两部分障碍模型来估计警方报告事件的风险。
向警方报告家庭暴力事件的风险在城市较不贫困的地区较高，这些警方报告的空间分布证实了这一发现。然而，社会经济最贫困的地区也是报案最少的地区。同样，在人口受教育水平不足比例最高的普查区内预测报案较少的情况，与具有中等和大学学历的女性报案最多（56.1%）的情况相符，而受教育程度不足的女性报案比例仅为 9.5%。
这些结果可用于社会保护服务部门制定专门针对那些风险最高地区的妇女的政策。此外，使用空间统计技术和地理信息系统工具是分析家庭暴力和其他类型犯罪的良好策略，因为它们不仅可以图形化地识别空间分布，而且还是识别与这类犯罪有关的问题的良好工具。
