College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2022 Jun;41(6):1357-1373. doi: 10.1007/s00299-022-02862-1. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Most of the upregulated genes contributed to the accumulation of soluble sugars and ABA in the phloem of 'Vitis amurensis' compared to 'Merlot' during cold acclimation. Extreme cold is one of the dominant abiotic factors affecting grape yield and quality. However, the changes in sugars, phytohormones, and gene expression in the branch phloem of different tolerant grape varieties during cold acclimation remain elusive. The data supported that with decreasing temperature, the contents of fructose, sucrose, and ABA in the phloem of Vitis amurensis (cold-tolerant, T) and 'Merlot' (cold-sensitive, S) increased during cold acclimation, and these indicators were higher in T than in S. Furthermore, the activities of sucrose synthetase, sucrose phosphate synthetase, and acid invertase peaked in the early phase of cold acclimation (approximately 5 °C) compared to other phases (approximately 28 °C, 0 °C, - 5 °C and - 10 °C). Moreover, the RNA sequencing results helped identify a total of 11,343 differentially expressed genes in the phloem of T and S, among which 4912 were upregulated and 6431 were downregulated. In the abscisic acid pathway, CRTISO, PSPY1-1, CYCP707A4-2, PYL4-1, PYL4-2, P2C08, SAPK2, TARAB1, and DBF3 were more highly expressed in T than in S. In the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, HXK1, PGMP, GLGL1, SUS6, VCINV, BGL11, SSY1, GPS, BAM1 and BAM3 were also more highly expressed in T than in S. Moreover, the genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, such as NDHF, ND4, ND1, NAD7, NAD2, ATPB, YMF19, ATP9, PMA1 and AHA8, were upregulated in T. These results will be beneficial for understanding the potential differences in tolerance across two different cold-tolerant grapes with respect to sugar metabolism and gene expression.
在冷驯化过程中，与 'Merlot' 相比，大多数上调的基因导致 'Vitis amurensis' 韧皮部中可溶性糖和 ABA 的积累。极寒是影响葡萄产量和品质的主要非生物因素之一。然而，不同耐寒葡萄品种在冷驯化过程中枝条韧皮部中糖、植物激素和基因表达的变化仍不清楚。数据表明，随着温度的降低，冷韧皮部（耐寒，T）和 'Merlot'（冷敏感，S）中的果糖、蔗糖和 ABA 含量在冷驯化过程中增加，T 中的这些指标高于 S。此外，与其他阶段（约 28°C、0°C、-5°C 和-10°C）相比，蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶和酸性转化酶的活性在冷驯化的早期阶段（约 5°C）达到峰值。此外，RNA 测序结果帮助鉴定了 T 和 S 韧皮部中总共 11343 个差异表达基因，其中 4912 个上调，6431 个下调。在脱落酸途径中，CRTISO、PSPY1-1、CYCP707A4-2、PYL4-1、PYL4-2、P2C08、SAPK2、TARAB1 和 DBF3 在 T 中的表达高于 S。在淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径中，HXK1、PGMP、GLGL1、SUS6、VCINV、BGL11、SSY1、GPS、BAM1 和 BAM3 在 T 中的表达也高于 S。此外，与氧化磷酸化相关的基因，如 NDHF、ND4、ND1、NAD7、NAD2、ATPB、YMF19、ATP9、PMA1 和 AHA8，在 T 中上调。这些结果将有助于了解两个不同耐寒葡萄品种在糖代谢和基因表达方面的潜在差异。
