Pawellek Sabine, Ziegeldorf Alexandra, Wulff Hagen
Institut für Gesundheitssport und Public Health, Universität Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, 04109, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Gesundheitserziehung/Gesundheitsbildung, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2022 May;65(5):624-634. doi: 10.1007/s00103-022-03512-3. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Rising obesity prevalence in childhood and adolescence are characterized by unhealthy lifestyles such as low physical activity due to high media use. Recent studies use the accessibility of this target group through digital media, whereby technologies represent new approaches in the intervention design of weight reduction. However, the question arises as to which digital combinations and methodological program concepts condition effective body mass index (BMI) changes.
To gain insights into effective program design and media use; digital intervention strategies for BMI reduction in overweight and obese children and adolescents will be analyzed and evaluated.
A systematic review was conducted in the databases MEDLINE via PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science to analyze studies from 2016 to 2021 on changes in BMI and BMI z‑score of overweight and obese 6‑ to 18-year-olds. Methodological study quality was assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias guidelines.
From 3974 studies, seven articles describing the use of fitness wristbands, smartphones, and computer-based programs were identified. All media achieved BMI reductions, with smartphone interventions via calls and messages causing the most significant changes.
Smartphones as providers of digital programs (e.g., apps) offer effective approaches to obesity reduction. Based on the data, the selection and combination of several media as well as the relevance of family involvement and the methodological foundation of the measures are confirmed. Due to the young age of the participants, media interventions must be made accessible to the target group.
儿童和青少年肥胖率不断上升，其特点是生活方式不健康，比如因大量使用媒体而导致身体活动不足。近期研究利用数字媒体对这一目标群体的可达性，借此技术代表了减肥干预设计中的新方法。然而，出现了这样一个问题，即哪种数字组合和方法学项目概念能促使有效体重指数（BMI）发生变化。
深入了解有效的项目设计和媒体使用情况；分析和评估针对超重及肥胖儿童和青少年降低BMI的数字干预策略。
在通过PubMed检索的MEDLINE、科学Direct和科学网数据库中进行系统综述，以分析2016年至2021年关于6至18岁超重及肥胖儿童和青少年BMI及BMI z评分变化的研究。根据Cochrane偏倚风险指南评估方法学研究质量。
从3974项研究中，确定了7篇描述使用健身手环、智能手机和基于计算机的程序的文章。所有媒体都实现了BMI降低，通过电话和信息进行的智能手机干预带来的变化最为显著。
智能手机作为数字项目（如应用程序）的提供者，提供了有效的减肥方法。基于这些数据，证实了几种媒体的选择和组合以及家庭参与的相关性和措施的方法学基础。由于参与者年龄较小，必须让目标群体能够接触到媒体干预。
