Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Mar 23;17(9):1371-1381. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0484. Print 2022 Sep 1.
To determine the relationship between gastrointestinal hormones (leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1), ghrelin, cholecystokinin, peptide YY, morphological characteristics, and physical performances in elite soccer players.
Q2 Twenty-two elite male soccer players (age = 23.1 [2.7] y, height = 177.0 [0.1] cm, weight = 70.2 [2.9] kg, body mass index = 22.1 [1.8] kg/m2) completed 3-day food records each week during the 5-week training period. Blood samples were drawn after an overnight fast before and after preseason training to assess gastrointestinal hormones (leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1, ghrelin, cholecystokinin, and peptide YY). Continuous analysis of the training load was used during the training period. Preintervention and postintervention tests assessed jumping (countermovement jump), sprinting (10, 20, and 30 m), and endurance fitness (the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 [YYIRT1]) levels.
Preseason training decreased body mass index (P = .001; effect size [ES] = 0.183) and body fat percentage (P = .001; ES = 0.516). There were increases in countermovement jump (P = .032; ES = 0.215), 20- (P = .016; ES = 0.195) and 30-m sprints (P = .001; ES = 0.188), and YYIRT1 performance (P = .001; ES = 0.9). Levels of cholecystokinin, peptide YY, and ghrelin did not change during preseason training, although changes in leptin (P = .001; ES = 0.41) and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels (P = .039; ES = 0.606) were recorded. Leptinemia correlated with anthropometric parameters (body mass index, r = .77, P = .001; percentage of body fat,r = .67, P = .006) and the total distance covered during the YYIRT1 (r = -.54; P = .03).
Changes in morphological parameters and physical performance in elite-level male soccer players are related to variations in selected gastrointestinal hormones.
确定胃肠激素（瘦素、胰高血糖素样肽-1）、胃饥饿素、胆囊收缩素、肽 YY 的形态特征和身体表现与精英足球运动员之间的关系。
Q2 在 5 周的训练期间，22 名精英男性足球运动员（年龄=23.1[2.7]岁，身高=177.0[0.1]cm，体重=70.2[2.9]kg，体重指数=22.1[1.8]kg/m2）每周完成 3 天的食物记录。在 preseason 训练前后，空腹抽取血液样本，以评估胃肠激素（瘦素、胰高血糖素样肽-1、胃饥饿素、胆囊收缩素和肽 YY）。在训练期间，连续分析训练负荷。干预前和干预后测试评估跳跃（反跳跳）、冲刺（10、20 和 30 m）和耐力（Yo-Yo 间歇性恢复测试 1 级[YYIRT1]）水平。
preseason 训练降低了体重指数（P=0.001；效应量[ES]=0.183）和体脂百分比（P=0.001；ES=0.516）。反跳跳（P=0.032；ES=0.215）、20-（P=0.016；ES=0.195）和 30-m 冲刺（P=0.001；ES=0.188）以及 YYIRT1 表现（P=0.001；ES=0.9）均有所提高。尽管瘦素（P=0.001；ES=0.41）和胰高血糖素样肽-1 水平（P=0.039；ES=0.606）有所变化，但胆囊收缩素、肽 YY 和胃饥饿素在 preseason 训练期间并未发生变化。瘦素血症与人体测量参数（体重指数，r=0.77，P=0.001；体脂百分比，r=0.67，P=0.006）和 YYIRT1 期间的总距离（r=-0.54；P=0.03）相关。
精英男性足球运动员形态参数和身体表现的变化与选定胃肠激素的变化有关。
