Baghele Om Nemichand, Bezalwar Khushbu Vilasrao
Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Latur, Maharashtra, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2022 Mar-Apr;26(2):162-168. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_808_20. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
The mucogingival junction (MGJ) is one of the important anatomical entities which mark the apical termination of attached gingiva, except that at palatal side. Its position is genetically determined like other organs and tissues in our body. There are certain anatomic aberrations such as abnormal teeth eruption or high frenal attachments and pathologies, such as periodontitis, leading to its absence. There are no studies on the prevalence of teeth having no clinically detectable MGJ. There is a resurgence of importance of attached gingiva, reflected by the definite presence of MGJ, through the field of dental implantology.
We aim to evaluate the prevalence of teeth without clinically detectable MGJ on the buccal aspect of dentate alveolar processes.
This cross-sectional observational clinical study was conducted in the department of periodontology which was approved by the institutional ethical committee.
Periodontally healthy as well as diseased patients of age 18-50 years were included in the study. The detection of MGJ was carried out by visual method, tension test, rolling probe method, and Lugol's iodine solution, and confirmation from any two methods was considered for the absence of MGJ. The etiology of MGJ absence (gingival recession, pocket till MGJ, trauma, abnormal frenal attachment, malposition of tooth, abnormal habits, severe abrasion, etc.,) was also evaluated.
Simple statistics in the form of averages and percentages were used for calculations.
A total of 130 subjects (3637 teeth) were examined out of which 32 (24.6%) subjects showed no clinically detectable MGJ. In all subjects, on an average, every subject has 28 teeth and out of the total 3637 teeth analyzed, only 91 (2.5%) teeth were without detectable MGJ.
Almost 25% of the population may show a tooth or few teeth without a clinically detectable MGJ. The prevalence of teeth without clinically detectable MGJ per mouth is very low at 0.7 (approximately 1 tooth/subject).
龈黏膜联合处（MGJ）是标志着附着龈根尖终止位置的重要解剖结构之一，腭侧除外。其位置如同我们身体中的其他器官和组织一样由基因决定。存在某些解剖变异，如牙齿萌出异常或系带附着过高，以及一些病理情况，如牙周炎，会导致其缺失。目前尚无关于临床上无法检测到MGJ的牙齿患病率的研究。通过牙种植学领域，附着龈的重要性再次凸显，这体现在MGJ的明确存在上。
我们旨在评估有牙牙槽突颊侧临床上无法检测到MGJ的牙齿的患病率。
这项横断面观察性临床研究在牙周病科进行，获得了机构伦理委员会的批准。
研究纳入了年龄在18 - 50岁的牙周健康和患病患者。通过视觉检查法、张力测试法、滚动探针法和卢戈氏碘溶液检测MGJ，若两种方法均证实则判定为MGJ缺失。同时还评估MGJ缺失的病因（牙龈退缩、牙周袋延伸至MGJ、创伤、系带附着异常、牙齿错位、异常习惯、严重磨损等）。
采用平均数和百分比形式的简单统计方法进行计算。
共检查了130名受试者（3637颗牙齿），其中32名（24.6%）受试者临床上未检测到MGJ。所有受试者平均每人有28颗牙齿，在总共分析的3637颗牙齿中，只有91颗（2.5%）牙齿未检测到MGJ。
几乎25%的人群可能有一颗或几颗牙齿临床上未检测到MGJ。每口中临床上未检测到MGJ的牙齿患病率非常低，为0.7（约每受试者1颗牙齿）。
