Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.
Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 7;13:815063. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.815063. eCollection 2022.
Thyroid dysfunction is linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment. However, studies on the relationships between thyroid diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have reported conflicting results. We investigated the associations between several thyroid diseases and AD in a nested case-control study.
A total of 1,977 participants with AD were identified by claims data from 2002-2015 among a random sample of half a million people in the Korean National Health Insurance database. We recruited 16,473 age- and sex-matched (1:4 ratio) control participants and applied conditional logistic regression to estimate the relationships between thyroid diseases and AD, with adjustments for potential confounders, such as basic demographics, lifestyle factors, and various medical conditions or comorbidities.
The prevalence rates of hypothyroidism (odds ratio [OR]=1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00-1.30), thyroiditis (OR=1.22, 95% CI=1.05-1.40), and hyperthyroidism (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.01-1.28) were significantly higher in participants with AD than in control participants after adjustment for confounders.
In this large national sample, we found significant relationships between several thyroid diseases and AD. Despite of the need for further investigation, these findings could better support to appreciate the pathophysiology of AD.
甲状腺功能障碍与认知障碍风险增加有关。然而，关于甲状腺疾病与阿尔茨海默病（AD）之间关系的研究结果相互矛盾。我们在一项巢式病例对照研究中调查了几种甲状腺疾病与 AD 之间的关联。
从韩国国家健康保险数据库中随机抽取的 50 万人的理赔数据中，2002 年至 2015 年期间共确定了 1977 名 AD 患者。我们招募了 16473 名年龄和性别匹配（1:4 比例）的对照参与者，并应用条件逻辑回归来估计甲状腺疾病与 AD 之间的关系，同时调整了潜在的混杂因素，如基本人口统计学、生活方式因素以及各种医疗状况或合并症。
调整混杂因素后，与对照组相比，AD 患者中甲状腺功能减退症（OR=1.14，95%置信区间[CI]=1.00-1.30）、甲状腺炎（OR=1.22，95% CI=1.05-1.40）和甲状腺功能亢进症（OR=1.13，95% CI=1.01-1.28）的患病率显著更高。
在这项大型全国性样本中，我们发现几种甲状腺疾病与 AD 之间存在显著关联。尽管需要进一步研究，但这些发现可以更好地支持对 AD 病理生理学的理解。
