Faccini Julie, Joshi Vrutti, Graziani Pierluigi, Del-Monte Jonathan
University of Nîmes, LSP Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2022 Mar 15;14:433-441. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S339567. eCollection 2022.
Nightmare distress, nightmare frequency and anxiety are related to suicidal risk. Ruminations are a factor maximizing the risk of suicide. Research has identified two types of ruminations: constructive ruminations and non-constructive ruminations. As per our knowledge, no study has verified the links between non-constructive ruminations and sleep disorders and their role in the development of suicidal risk. We aimed to highlight the impact of non-constructive ruminations on nightmares, anxiety and insomnia in the development of suicidal risk.
A total of 429 French participants responded to an anonymous online survey using the Qualtrics software. To assess variables, we used the Mini Cambridge-Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale, the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, the Nightmare Distress Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Sleep Condition Indicator. Nightmare frequency was assessed by subjective evaluation through a question. We tested the possible effects of confounding variables such as age, gender, marital status and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II).
Nightmare frequency was found to mediate the link between anxiety and suicidal risk (32.9%). Nightmare distress (37%) and non-constructive thoughts (48%) were also seen to mediate this link. Additionally, we found a moderating effect of insomnia on the link between non-constructive ruminations and suicidal risk (Z = 7.42, p < 0.001).
Our results showed that the frequency of nightmares, distress and non-constructive ruminations are closely related to suicidal risk. The interoperability between these elements and insomnia has thus been newly explored. The processes related to nightmares and suicidal risk as well as the underlying cognitive processes between sleep disorders and suicidal risk have been shed light upon.
噩梦困扰、噩梦频率与焦虑与自杀风险相关。反复思考是使自杀风险最大化的一个因素。研究已确定两种反复思考类型：建设性反复思考和非建设性反复思考。据我们所知，尚无研究验证非建设性反复思考与睡眠障碍之间的联系及其在自杀风险发展中的作用。我们旨在强调非建设性反复思考在自杀风险发展中对噩梦、焦虑和失眠的影响。
共有429名法国参与者使用Qualtrics软件回答了一项匿名在线调查。为评估变量，我们使用了迷你剑桥 - 埃克塞特重复思维量表、自杀行为问卷修订版、噩梦困扰问卷、贝克焦虑量表和睡眠状况指标。噩梦频率通过一个问题进行主观评估。我们测试了年龄、性别、婚姻状况和抑郁（贝克抑郁量表 - II）等混杂变量的可能影响。
发现噩梦频率介导了焦虑与自杀风险之间的联系（32.9%）。噩梦困扰（37%）和非建设性思维（48%）也介导了这种联系。此外，我们发现失眠对非建设性反复思考与自杀风险之间的联系有调节作用（Z = 7.42，p < 0.001）。
我们的结果表明，噩梦频率、困扰和非建设性反复思考与自杀风险密切相关。因此，新探索了这些因素与失眠之间的相互作用。与噩梦和自杀风险相关的过程以及睡眠障碍与自杀风险之间潜在的认知过程已得到阐明。
