Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022 Mar 15;16:685-715. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S354841. eCollection 2022.
The rising outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 continues to unfold all over the world. The development of novel effective antiviral drugs to fight against SARS-CoV-2 is a time cost. As a result, some specific FDA-approved drugs have already been repurposed and authorized for COVID-19 treatment. The repurposed drugs used were either antiviral or non-antiviral drugs. Accordingly, the present review thoroughly focuses on the repurposing efficacy of these drugs including clinical trials experienced, the combination therapies used, the novel methods followed for treatment, and their future perspective. Therefore, drug repurposing was regarded as an effective avenue for COVID-19 treatment. Recently, molnupiravir is a prodrug antiviral medication that was approved in the United Kingdom in November 2021 for the treatment of COVID-19. On the other hand, PF-07321332 is an oral antiviral drug developed by Pfizer. For the treatment of COVID-19, the PF-07321332/ritonavir combination medication is used in Phase III studies and was marketed as Paxlovid. Herein, we represented the almost history of combating COVID-19 from repurposing to the recently available oral anti-SARS-CoV-2 candidates, as a new hope to end the current pandemic.
不断出现的 SARS-CoV-2 疫情继续在全球蔓延。开发新型有效的抗病毒药物来对抗 SARS-CoV-2 需要时间。因此，一些已获得美国食品和药物管理局批准的特定药物已被重新用于 COVID-19 的治疗。这些重新使用的药物既有抗病毒药物，也有非抗病毒药物。因此，本综述全面关注了这些药物的重新利用效果，包括已进行的临床试验、使用的联合疗法、用于治疗的新方法及其未来前景。因此，药物再利用被认为是 COVID-19 治疗的有效途径。最近，molnupiravir 是一种前药抗病毒药物，于 2021 年 11 月在英国获得批准用于治疗 COVID-19。另一方面，PF-07321332 是辉瑞公司开发的一种口服抗病毒药物。用于 COVID-19 的治疗，PF-07321332/ritonavir 联合药物在 III 期研究中使用，并以 Paxlovid 的商品名上市。在这里，我们代表了从重新利用到最近可用的口服抗 SARS-CoV-2 候选药物的抗击 COVID-19 的几乎全部历史，这是结束当前大流行的新希望。
