Kleiner B, Filly R A, Mack L, Callen P W
Radiology. 1986 Oct;161(1):27-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.161.1.3532181.
To evaluate multicystic dysplastic kidney (MDK) and associated contralateral renal abnormalities in the fetal population, 27 cases detected and followed in utero were reviewed retrospectively. The sonographic assessment included estimation of amniotic fluid volume and interval growth, evaluation for non-genitourinary anomalies, and postnatal follow-up study. Contralateral renal anomalies were detected in 41% of the fetuses and included obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction, renal agenesis, renal hypoplasia, and bilateral MDK. The incidences of these malformations were compared with results of earlier studies of MDK in the pediatric and adult populations. Lethal anomalies, such as bilateral MDK and MDK associated with contralateral agenesis, are common (19% and 11%, respectively) in the fetal population; obstruction of the contralateral ureteropelvic junction, a nonlethal anomaly, was seen less commonly (7%). Perinatal death from lethal abnormalities may spuriously raise the incidence of nonlethal contralateral abnormalities in the pediatric and adult populations. Contralateral mild fetal pyelectasis, found in 15% of fetuses with MDK, was not clinically significant.
为评估胎儿多囊性发育不良肾（MDK）及相关对侧肾脏异常情况，对27例产前检测并随访的病例进行回顾性分析。超声评估包括羊水容量及间隔生长的估计、非泌尿生殖系统异常的评估以及产后随访研究。41%的胎儿检测出对侧肾脏异常，包括肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻、肾缺如、肾发育不全和双侧MDK。将这些畸形的发生率与之前关于儿科和成人MDK的研究结果进行比较。致死性畸形，如双侧MDK和与对侧肾缺如相关的MDK，在胎儿群体中很常见（分别为19%和11%）；对侧肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻这一非致死性畸形较少见（7%）。致死性异常导致的围产期死亡可能会假性升高儿科和成人非致死性对侧异常的发生率。在15%的MDK胎儿中发现的对侧轻度胎儿肾盂积水在临床上并无显著意义。
