College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; State Key Laboratory of Human and Animal Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; State Key Laboratory of Human and Animal Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
Infect Genet Evol. 2022 Jun;100:105273. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105273. Epub 2022 Mar 20.
Ephemeroviruses are arthropod-borne rhabdoviruses within Ephemerovirus genus and have been isolated exclusively from cattle and haematophagous arthropods (mosquitoes and biting midges) without any member detected or isolated up to date from pigs, although some serological surveys have indicated that pigs may be a silent host for ephemerovirus infection. Here, many viral reads annotated to, but genetically distinct from, the existing members within the Ephemerovirus genus have been identified in the meta-transcriptomic data of two clinical classical swine fever virus (CSFV)-infected samples (HeN10 and GDMM7). The nearly complete genome sequences of the two novel ephemeroviruses have been obtained through contig assembly, specific RT-PCR and sequencing, therefore named as porcine ephemeroviruses (PoEVs). Genome nucleotide sequence analysis showed that PoEV strains HeN10 and GDMM7 have similar genome organization and 66.5% genomic identity to each other, but both are genetically distant from all members of the Ephemerovirus genus with identity being only 51.1-59.6%. Furthermore, comparison of the most conserved ephemeroviral proteins N and L indicated that PoEV strains HeN10 and GDMM7 share a high sequence identity to each other (N: 78.1%; L: 70.7%), but are diverged from the known ephemeroviruses (N: 43.4-60.7%; L: 47.6-58.5%). The genetic distance is significantly beyond the criteria for demarcation of viruses assigned to different ephemerovirus species. Thereby, two novel viruses named as PoEV1 (strain HeN10) and PoEV2 (strain GDMM7) are identified and these appear to represent two new species within the Ephemerovirus genus. The present study showed the first genome evidence of pig ephemeroviruses, likely expanding the known host range of ephemerovirus.
黄病毒属是黄病毒属内的节肢动物传播的弹状病毒，仅从牛和吸血节肢动物（蚊子和吸血蠓）中分离出来，迄今为止尚未从猪中检测或分离出任何成员，尽管一些血清学调查表明猪可能是黄病毒感染的沉默宿主。在这里，在两个临床经典猪瘟病毒（CSFV）感染样本（HeN10 和 GDMM7）的元转录组数据中，已经鉴定出许多注释为但在遗传上与黄病毒属内现有成员不同的病毒读数。通过连续组装、特定 RT-PCR 和测序获得了两种新型黄病毒的几乎完整基因组序列，因此命名为猪黄病毒（PoEV）。基因组核苷酸序列分析表明，PoEV 株 HeN10 和 GDMM7 具有相似的基因组结构和彼此 66.5%的基因组同一性，但与黄病毒属的所有成员在遗传上都相距甚远，同一性仅为 51.1-59.6%。此外，对最保守的黄病毒蛋白 N 和 L 的比较表明，PoEV 株 HeN10 和 GDMM7 彼此之间具有很高的序列同一性（N：78.1%；L：70.7%），但与已知的黄病毒（N：43.4-60.7%；L：47.6-58.5%）分化。遗传距离明显超过了将不同黄病毒种属分配给不同病毒的标准。因此，鉴定出两种新型病毒，命名为 PoEV1（株 HeN10）和 PoEV2（株 GDMM7），它们似乎代表了黄病毒属内的两个新种。本研究首次提供了猪黄病毒的基因组证据，可能扩大了黄病毒的已知宿主范围。
