Fabbri Marco, Simione Luca, Martoni Monica, Mirolli Marco
Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council (ISTC-CNR), Via San Martino della Battaglia 44, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Clocks Sleep. 2022 Mar 7;4(1):172-184. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep4010016.
Several studies have reported that the COVID-19 pandemic has had deleterious effects on sleep quality and mood, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not clearly understood. Recently, it has been shown that the acceptance component of mindfulness reduces anxiety, and, in turn, lower anxiety improves sleep quality. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess changes in mindfulness traits, sleep-wake quality, and general distress, before, during, and after the first COVID-19 wave, testing the model in which acceptance influences sleep through anxiety in each period. A total of 250 participants were recruited before (Pre-Lockdown group: 69 participants, 29 females, 33.04 ± 12.94 years), during (Lockdown group: 78 participants, 59 females, 29.174 ± 8.50 years), and after (After-Lockdown group: 103 participants, 86 females, 30.29 ± 9.46 years) the first Italian lockdown. In each group, self-report questionnaires, assessing mindfulness facets, distress, and sleep-wake quality, were administered and assessed. The Lockdown group reported lower acceptance and higher depression, while the After-Lockdown group reported lower sleep-wake quality and higher anxiety. The results of the path analysis confirmed that higher acceptance reduced anxiety and higher anxiety decreased sleep-wake quality in all groups. Our results confirm that acceptance influences sleep through the mediating role of anxiety.
多项研究报告称，新冠疫情对睡眠质量和情绪产生了有害影响，但这些影响背后的机制尚不清楚。最近有研究表明，正念的接纳成分可减轻焦虑，而较低的焦虑反过来又能改善睡眠质量。这项横断面研究的目的是评估在新冠疫情第一波期间及前后，正念特质、睡眠-觉醒质量和一般痛苦的变化，并检验接纳在每个时期通过焦虑影响睡眠的模型。在意大利首次封锁之前（封锁前组：69名参与者，29名女性，33.04±12.94岁）、期间（封锁组：78名参与者，59名女性，29.174±8.50岁）和之后（封锁后组：103名参与者，86名女性，30.29±9.46岁）共招募了250名参与者。在每个组中，都发放并评估了自我报告问卷，以评估正念方面、痛苦和睡眠-觉醒质量。封锁组报告的接纳程度较低，抑郁程度较高，而封锁后组报告的睡眠-觉醒质量较低，焦虑程度较高。路径分析结果证实，在所有组中，较高的接纳程度可降低焦虑，较高的焦虑程度会降低睡眠-觉醒质量。我们的结果证实，接纳通过焦虑的中介作用影响睡眠。
