独居蜂（膜翅目：切叶蜂科）在其巢寄生蜂（膜翅目：肿腿蜂科）生物胁迫下的过冷却反应
The Supercooling Responses of the Solitary Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) under the Biological Stress of Its Brood Parasite, (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae).
作者信息
Yan Zhuo, Wang Lina, Reddy Gadi V P, Gu Shimin, Men Xingyuan, Xiao Yunli, Su Jianwei, Ge Feng, Ouyang Fang
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
出版信息
Insects. 2022 Feb 27;13(3):235. doi: 10.3390/insects13030235.
(1) Background: Many insects have evolved different strategies to adapt to subzero temperatures and parasites, but the supercooling response of pollinator populations under the brood parasitism pressure has not been sufficiently investigated. (2) Methods: This study assessed the supercooling traits (supercooling points, fresh weight and fat content) of the solitary bee Osmia excavata Alfken and its brood parasite, Sapyga coma Yasumatsu & Sugihara. We measured 4035 samples (3025 O. excavata and 1010 S. coma, one individual as one sample) and discovered the supercooling traits relations between solitary bee and brood parasite. (3) Results: Significant differences in the supercooling points were found between O. excavata (females: −24.18 (−26.02−20.07) vs. males: −23.21 (−25.15−18.65) °C) and S. coma (females: −22.19 (−25.46−18.38) vs. males: −20.65 (−23.85−16.15) °C, p < 0.0001) in the same sex, and also between sexes of same species. The two species’ supercooling traits (supercooling points, fresh weight, and fat content) were significantly positively correlated. The supercooling points of the solitary bee varies regularly under brood parasitism pressure. (4) Conclusions: Our study indicates the supercooling traits relationships between a solitary bee and its brood parasite and suggests that the supercooling points of the solitary bee increase under the biological stress of its brood parasite in a certain level.
(1) 背景：许多昆虫已经进化出不同的策略来适应零下温度和寄生虫，但在巢寄生压力下传粉者种群的过冷却反应尚未得到充分研究。(2) 方法：本研究评估了独居蜂凹唇壁蜂Osmia excavata Alfken及其巢寄生者角额壁蜂Sapyga coma Yasumatsu & Sugihara的过冷却特性（过冷却点、鲜重和脂肪含量）。我们测量了4035个样本（3025只凹唇壁蜂和1010只角额壁蜂，一个个体作为一个样本），并发现了独居蜂与其巢寄生者之间的过冷却特性关系。(3) 结果：在相同性别中，凹唇壁蜂（雌性：− 24.18（− 26.02− 20.07）与雄性：− 23.21（− 25.15− 18.65）°C）和角额壁蜂（雌性：− 22.19（− 25.46− 18.38）与雄性：− 20.65（− 23.85− 16.15）°C，p < 0.0001）的过冷却点存在显著差异，并且在同一物种的不同性别之间也存在显著差异。这两个物种的过冷却特性（过冷却点、鲜重和脂肪含量）呈显著正相关。在巢寄生压力下，独居蜂的过冷却点有规律地变化。(4) 结论：我们的研究表明了独居蜂与其巢寄生者之间的过冷却特性关系，并表明在其巢寄生者的生物胁迫下，独居蜂的过冷却点在一定程度上会升高。
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