Laboratory of Natural Sciences and Materials, Institute of Sciences and Technology, Department of Natural Sciences and Life, A. BOUSSOUF University Center, Mila, Algeria.
Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Larbi Ben M'hidi, Oum el Bouaghi, 04000, Algeria.
J Med Entomol. 2022 May 11;59(3):855-864. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac030.
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) transmit several Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) species, which cause leishmaniasis, a significant public health concern in Algeria. We compared sand fly species abundance and composition among different biotopes (urban, peri-urban, rural areas), bioclimatic zones (humid, sub-humid, semi-arid), and elevation ranges. We also used the additive partitioning of beta diversity to test whether the variation in sand fly composition among biotopes, bioclimatic zones, and elevation ranges is due to species turnover or community subsetting. In total, 7,478 specimens were captured; of which, 7,162 (51.5% males vs. 48.5% females) belong to eight species: Phlebotomus perniciosus Newstead, 1911 (77.4% of the total captured specimens), Phlebotomus perfiliewi Parrot, 1930 (14.6%), Phlebotomus longicuspis Nitzulescu, 1911 (5.9%), Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli, 1786 (<1%), Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, 1917 (<1%) and Phlebotomus chadlii Rioux, Juminer et Gibily 1966 (<1%), Sergentomyia minuta Adler et Theodor, 1927 (1%), and Sergentomyia fallax Parrot, 1921 (<1%). Sand fly total abundance showed negative correlations with altitude and was significantly higher in rural areas. Sandfly community composition was significantly different between rural and urban/peri-urban areas. The additive partitioning of beta diversity showed that 71.4% of the compositional dissimilarity among elevation ranges and bioclimates was due to sand fly species turnover, and 28.6% resulted from nestedness. However, the variation in sand fly composition among different biotopes was mainly due to community nestedness. Findings from this study help define the risk of Leishmania transmission and develop methods for vector control in Mila province and Algeria as a whole.
沙蝇（双翅目：鳞翅目）传播几种利什曼原虫（原生动物门：动基体目），这些原虫引起利什曼病，这是阿尔及利亚一个重大的公共卫生问题。我们比较了不同生境（城市、城郊、农村）、生物气候带（湿润、半湿润、半干旱）和海拔范围内的沙蝇物种丰度和组成。我们还使用 beta 多样性的附加分区来测试沙蝇组成在生境、生物气候带和海拔范围内的变化是由于物种更替还是群落子集。共捕获 7478 只标本；其中，7162 只（雄性占 51.5%，雌性占 48.5%）属于 8 个物种：新泽西白蛉（Phlebotomus perniciosus Newstead，1911）（占总捕获标本的 77.4%）、法罗蛉（Phlebotomus perfiliewi Parrot，1930）（14.6%）、长刺白蛉（Phlebotomus longicuspis Nitzulescu，1911）（5.9%）、埃及伊蚊（Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli，1786）（<1%）、塞氏白蛉（Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot，1917）（<1%）和乍得白蛉（Phlebotomus chadlii Rioux，Juminer et Gibily 1966）（<1%）、小沙蝇（Sergentomyia minuta Adler et Theodor，1927）（1%）和法氏白蛉（Sergentomyia fallax Parrot，1921）（<1%）。沙蝇总丰度与海拔呈负相关，在农村地区显著较高。沙蝇群落组成在农村和城市/城郊地区之间存在显著差异。beta 多样性的附加分区表明，海拔范围和生物气候带之间的组成差异有 71.4%是由于沙蝇物种更替造成的，28.6%是由于嵌套造成的。然而，不同生境之间沙蝇组成的变化主要是由于群落嵌套。本研究的结果有助于确定利什曼原虫传播的风险，并为米拉省乃至阿尔及利亚的病媒控制方法提供依据。
