López-Campos Fernando, Gajate Pablo, Romero-Laorden Nuria, Zafra-Martín Juan, Juan Manel, Hernando Polo Susana, Conde Moreno Antonio, Couñago Felipe
Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28024 Madrid, Spain.
Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28024 Madrid, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2022 Feb 24;10(3):537. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10030537.
The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. Unfortunately, this has not been the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), likely due to the heterogeneous and immune-suppressive microenvironment present in prostate cancer. The identification of molecular biomarkers that could predict response to immunotherapy represents one of the current challenges in this clinical scenario. The management of advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer is rapidly evolving and immunotherapy treatments, mostly consisting of immune checkpoint inhibitors combinations, BiTE (bispecific T-cell engager) immune therapies, and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are in development with promising results. This review analyses the current evidence of immunotherapy treatments for mCRPC, evaluating past failures and promising approaches and discussing the directions for future research.
免疫疗法的出现彻底改变了癌症治疗方式。不幸的是，转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌（mCRPC）并非如此，这可能是由于前列腺癌存在异质性和免疫抑制微环境。识别能够预测免疫疗法反应的分子生物标志物是当前这一临床情况下的挑战之一。晚期去势抵抗性前列腺癌的治疗正在迅速发展，免疫疗法治疗大多由免疫检查点抑制剂联合治疗、双特异性T细胞衔接器（BiTE）免疫疗法和嵌合抗原受体（CAR）组成，目前正在研发中且取得了有前景的结果。本综述分析了mCRPC免疫疗法治疗的当前证据，评估过去的失败和有前景的方法，并讨论未来研究的方向。
