Agricultural Research Center, Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Mar 13;13(3):509. doi: 10.3390/genes13030509.
Rice is one of the most important crops in Egypt. Due to the gap between the demand and the availability of the local edible oils, there is need to raise the nutritional value of rice and, therefore, to improve the nutritional value of the consumer. This research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Five newly developed genotypes of rice, namely NRL 63, NRL 64, NRL 65, NRL 66, and Giza 178 as check variety (control), were used to evaluate the analytical characterization of raw rice bran and rice bran oil from rice bran, study the genetic variability and genetic advance for various quantitative and qualitative traits in rice as well as, rice bran oil. The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variations among the genotypes for all the studied characters. Data revealed that high estimates of the phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV%) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV%) were observed for amylose content percentage, peroxide value (meq/kg oil), myristic C14:0, and arachidic C20:0, indicating that they all interacted with the environment to some extent. The line NRL66 and NRL64 showed the highest and high values of mean performance for grain yield (t/h), grain type (shape), amylose content percentage, crude protein, ether extract and ash of milled rice, crude protein, ether extract, ash, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and iron of stabilized rice bran oil. Genetic advance as a percentage of mean was high for most of the studied traits. It indicates that most likely, the heritability is due to additive gene effects, and selection may be effective. The percentage of advantage over the Giza 178 as the commercial variety was significant and highly significant among the genotypes for all the characters studied in the two years, indicating that the selection is effective in the genetic improvements for these traits.
水稻是埃及最重要的作物之一。由于当地食用油脂的需求与供应之间存在差距，因此需要提高水稻的营养价值，从而提高消费者的营养价值。本研究于 2019 年和 2020 年在埃及Kafr El-Sheikh 的 Sakha 农业研究站的实验农场进行。使用了 5 种新开发的水稻基因型，即 NRL 63、NRL 64、NRL 65、NRL 66 和 Giza 178 作为对照品种（对照），以评估糙米糠和糙米糠油的分析特性，研究水稻以及米糠油的各种数量和质量性状的遗传变异性和遗传进展。基因型在随机完全区组设计（RCBD）中进行了三次重复评估。方差分析表明，所有研究性状的基因型之间存在高度显著的差异。数据表明，直链淀粉含量百分比、过氧化物值（每千克油中的 meq）、肉豆蔻酸 C14:0 和花生酸 C20:0 的表型变异系数（PCV%）和基因型变异系数（GCV%）的高估计值表明，它们都在一定程度上与环境相互作用。NRL66 和 NRL64 两个品系表现出最高和较高的平均产量（吨/公顷）、粒型（形状）、直链淀粉含量百分比、粗蛋白、乙醚提取物和碾磨米灰分、粗蛋白、乙醚提取物、灰分、磷、镁、锰、锌和铁的稳定米糠油的均值性能。大多数研究性状的遗传进展百分比都很高。这表明，大多数情况下，遗传力是由于加性基因效应，选择可能是有效的。在两年研究的所有性状中，与商业品种 Giza 178 相比，基因型的优势百分比均显著且高度显著，表明选择在这些性状的遗传改良中是有效的。
