Mrówczyński Damian, Knitter-Piątkowska Anna, Garbowski Tomasz
Doctoral School, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
Institute of Structural Analysis, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 5, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Mar 15;15(6):2149. doi: 10.3390/ma15062149.
Designing corrugated board packaging is a real challenge, especially when the packaging material comes from multiple recycling. Recycling itself is a pro-ecological and absolutely necessary process, but the mechanical properties of materials that are processed many times deteriorate with the number of cycles. Manufacturers are trying to use unprecedented design methods to preserve the load-bearing capacity of packaging, even when the material itself is of deteriorating quality. An additional obstacle in the process of designing the structure of paper packaging is the progressive systematic reduction of the grammage (the so-called lightweight process) of corrugated cardboard. Therefore, this research presents a critical look at the process of optimal selection of corrugated cardboard for packaging structures, depending on the paper used. The study utilizes analytical, simplified formulas to estimate the strength of cardboard itself as well as the strength of packaging, which are then analyzed to determine their sensitivity to changes in cardboard components, such as the types of paper of individual layers. In the performed sensitivity analysis, numerical homogenization was used, and the influence of initial imperfections on the packaging mechanics was determined. The paper presents a simple algorithm for the optimal selection of the composition of corrugated cardboard depending on the material used and the geometry of the packaging, which allows for a more conscious production of corrugated cardboard from materials derived, e.g., from multiple recycling.
设计瓦楞纸板包装是一项真正的挑战，尤其是当包装材料来自多次回收利用时。回收本身是一个有利于生态且绝对必要的过程，但经过多次加工的材料的机械性能会随着循环次数而下降。制造商们正在尝试使用前所未有的设计方法来保持包装的承载能力，即使材料本身质量在下降。在设计纸质包装结构的过程中，另一个障碍是瓦楞纸板克重的逐步系统性降低（即所谓的轻量化过程）。因此，本研究批判性地审视了根据所使用的纸张来为包装结构优化选择瓦楞纸板的过程。该研究利用解析的简化公式来估算纸板本身的强度以及包装的强度，然后对其进行分析以确定它们对纸板组件变化的敏感性，比如各层纸张的类型。在进行的敏感性分析中，使用了数值均匀化方法，并确定了初始缺陷对包装力学性能的影响。本文提出了一种根据所使用的材料和包装的几何形状来优化选择瓦楞纸板组成的简单算法，这使得能够更有意识地用例如来自多次回收利用的材料生产瓦楞纸板。
