Zhang Xin, Li Huiqin, Lv Xiupeng, Hu Li, Li Wen, Zi Meiting, He Yonghan
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
Life (Basel). 2022 Mar 11;12(3):409. doi: 10.3390/life12030409.
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the established therapeutics against tumors. As the major immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieved remarkable success in the treatment of malignancies. However, the clinical gains are far from universal and durable, because of the primary and secondary resistance of tumors to the therapy, or side effects induced by ICIs. There is an urgent need to find safe combinatorial strategies that enhance the response of ICIs for tumor treatment. Diets have an excellent safety profile and have been shown to play pleiotropic roles in tumor prevention, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary regimens bolster not only the tolerability but also the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms by which tumor cells evade immune surveillance, focusing on describing the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of resistance to ICIs. We also summarized the impacts of different diets and/or nutrients on the response to ICIs therapy. Combinatory treatments of ICIs therapy with optimized diet regimens own great potential to enhance the efficacy and durable response of ICIs against tumors, which should be routinely considered in clinical settings.
免疫疗法彻底改变了针对肿瘤的既定治疗方法。作为主要的免疫疗法，免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）在恶性肿瘤治疗中取得了显著成功。然而，由于肿瘤对该疗法的原发性和继发性耐药性，或ICI诱导的副作用，临床获益远非普遍且持久。迫切需要找到安全的联合策略来增强ICI对肿瘤治疗的反应。饮食具有极佳的安全性，并且已被证明在肿瘤预防、生长、侵袭和转移中发挥多方面作用。越来越多的证据表明，饮食方案不仅能增强肿瘤免疫疗法的耐受性，还能提高其疗效。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视的机制，重点描述了对ICI耐药的内在和外在机制。我们还总结了不同饮食和/或营养物质对ICI治疗反应的影响。ICI治疗与优化饮食方案的联合治疗具有极大潜力，可增强ICI对肿瘤的疗效和持久反应，这在临床环境中应常规予以考虑。
