Research Institute of Nursing Science, Center for Human-Caring Nurse Leaders for the Future by Brain Korea 21 (BK 21) Four Project, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Reprod Health. 2022 Mar 24;19(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01380-3.
Early adulthood is a significant period for preventive depression management for a healthy pregnancy. However, previous public health initiatives have not yet emphasized preparation for a healthy pregnancy in this population. In addition, pregnancy planning has traditionally been regarded as women's responsibility, so intervention strategies may differ by gender. This study explored intentions of preventive depression management for a healthy pregnancy among unmarried college students, as well as factors influencing those intentions, by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model.
For this cross-sectional survey, 828 unmarried college students aged 18-29 were recruited from a national university in Korea from July to September 2019. The chi-square test and t-test were used to compare gender differences in general characteristics, the current level of depression, and constructs of the extended TPB. Hierarchical regression was performed to identify factors influencing the intention of preventive depression management for a healthy pregnancy.
The intention to manage depression was significantly higher in men than in women (t = 2.36, p = 0.019). The factors affecting the intention of preventive depression management for a healthy pregnancy were components of TPB in both women and men, of which self-efficacy had the greatest effect (female: β = 0.34, p < 0.001, male: β = 0.30, p < 0.001). The current level of depression was a significant factor for women only (β = 0.10, p = 0.014).
Our study results underscore the need for nurses to perform preventive interventions and provide directions to develop interventions to improve the intention of depression management for unmarried college students. It is necessary to intervene with all the constructs of the TPB, especially self-efficacy, for both men and women. It is also important to check and address the current depression status of unmarried female college students.
青年期是预防抑郁以实现健康妊娠的重要时期。然而，先前的公共卫生举措并未强调该人群的健康妊娠准备。此外，妊娠计划传统上被视为女性的责任，因此干预策略可能因性别而异。本研究应用计划行为理论（TPB）模型，探讨了未婚大学生预防抑郁以实现健康妊娠的意愿，以及影响这些意愿的因素。
本横断面调查于 2019 年 7 月至 9 月期间从韩国一所国立大学招募了 828 名 18-29 岁的未婚大学生。卡方检验和 t 检验用于比较性别在一般特征、当前抑郁水平和 TPB 扩展构念方面的差异。分层回归用于确定影响预防抑郁以实现健康妊娠的意愿的因素。
男性预防抑郁以实现健康妊娠的意愿显著高于女性（t=2.36，p=0.019）。影响女性和男性预防抑郁以实现健康妊娠意愿的因素是 TPB 的各个构成部分，其中自我效能感的影响最大（女性：β=0.34，p<0.001，男性：β=0.30，p<0.001）。当前抑郁水平是女性的一个显著因素（β=0.10，p=0.014）。
本研究结果强调了护士需要进行预防干预，并为改善未婚大学生抑郁管理意愿提供指导方向。对于男性和女性，均需要干预 TPB 的所有构成部分，尤其是自我效能感。检查和解决未婚女大学生当前的抑郁状况也很重要。
