Center for Human-Caring Nurse Leaders for the Future by Brain Korea 21 (BK 21) Four Project, College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
Reprod Health. 2022 Apr 5;19(1):90. doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01392-z.
Interventions to prepare for a healthy pregnancy from an early age can ensure the health of both mother and child. This study aims to compare the factors associated with healthy pregnancy preparation behavior (HPPB) among male and female adolescents.
A total of 690 Korean adolescents participated in this cross-sectional study from July 11 to August 24, 2018. Determinants of the likelihood of engaging in HPPB were described using hierarchical regression about the importance of and confidence in HPPB, the gender equality related to pregnancy and birth, and the health belief model (HBM) constructs about HPPB.
Smoking experience (β = - 0.18, p < 0.001 for boys, β = - 0.25, p < 0.001 for girls), and HBM constructs were identified as factors correlated with HPPB in both genders. The significant factors in boys were perceived susceptibility (β = - 0.13, p = 0.005), perceived severity (β = 0.12, p = 0.015), perceived benefits (β = 0.23, p < 0.001), and perceived barriers (β = - 0.18, p < 0.001), whereas the corresponding factors in girls were perceived severity (β = 0.20, p = 0.001), and perceived barriers (β = - 0.23, p < 0.001). The importance of HPPB was identified as a factor only among girls (β = 0.19, p = 0.005), while confidence in HPPB (β = 0.12, p = 0.401), gender equality related to pregnancy and childbirth (β = - 0.20, p = 0.001 for women's responsibility variable, β = 0.14, p = 0.018 for men's responsibility variable), and alcohol (β = - 0.10, p = 0.022) were factors identified only among boys.
The gender differences in opinions on HPPB identified in this study can help nurses and community health care professionals recognize issues for which they can develop and implement preventive interventions. For healthy pregnancy preparation, interventions based on HBM constructs and smoking should be presented for both male and female adolescents. Imparting education to females on the importance of HPPB and to males on confidence in HPPB, gender equality related to pregnancy and childbirth, and alcohol consumption, should be emphasized. In addition, as perceived susceptibility may be low in a disease prevention model using the health belief model, it is necessary to prioritize increasing the perceived susceptibility of school-age children as an intervention.
从早期开始进行准备健康妊娠的干预措施可以确保母婴健康。本研究旨在比较男性和女性青少年准备健康妊娠行为（HPPB）的相关因素。
2018 年 7 月 11 日至 8 月 24 日，共有 690 名韩国青少年参与了这项横断面研究。使用关于 HPPB 的重要性和信心、与妊娠和分娩相关的性别平等以及 HPPB 的健康信念模型（HBM）结构的分层回归，描述与 HPPB 相关的决定因素。
吸烟经历（男孩：β=-0.18，p<0.001；女孩：β=-0.25，p<0.001）和 HBM 结构被确定为两性中与 HPPB 相关的因素。男孩的显著因素包括感知易感性（β=-0.13，p=0.005）、感知严重性（β=0.12，p=0.015）、感知益处（β=0.23，p<0.001）和感知障碍（β=-0.18，p<0.001），而女孩的相应因素包括感知严重性（β=0.20，p=0.001）和感知障碍（β=-0.23，p<0.001）。只有女孩确定了 HPPB 的重要性（β=0.19，p=0.005），而 HPPB 的信心（β=0.12，p=0.401）、与妊娠和分娩相关的性别平等（β=-0.20，p=0.001，女性责任变量；β=0.14，p=0.018，男性责任变量）和酒精（β=-0.10，p=0.022）仅在男孩中确定为因素。
本研究中确定的关于 HPPB 的性别差异观点可以帮助护士和社区卫生保健专业人员认识到需要制定和实施预防干预措施的问题。为了健康妊娠准备，应向男性和女性青少年提供基于 HBM 结构和吸烟的干预措施。应强调向女性传授 HPPB 的重要性，向男性传授 HPPB 的信心、与妊娠和分娩相关的性别平等以及酒精消费。此外，由于在使用健康信念模型的疾病预防模型中，感知易感性可能较低，因此有必要优先提高学龄儿童的感知易感性作为干预措施。
