探索父母对青少年身体及饮食的正负性评价与饮食问题之间的关联：一项社区研究。

Exploring associations between positive and negative valanced parental comments about adolescents' bodies and eating and eating problems: a community study.

作者信息

Dahill Lucy M, Morrison Natalie M V, Mannan Haider, Mitchison Deborah, Touyz Stephen, Bussey Kay, Trompeter Nora, Hay Phillipa

机构信息

Eating Disorder and Body Image Network, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.

School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Campbelltown, Penrith, NSW, 2715, Australia.

出版信息

J Eat Disord. 2022 Mar 24;10(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s40337-022-00561-6.

DOI:10.1186/s40337-022-00561-6

PMID:35331338

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8953043/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Adolescence is a time of rapid emotional and physical development when foundational self-concepts (including beliefs about one's weight and shape) are established. Parents are key influencers of adolescent beliefs and behaviours. This study aimed to investigate associations between perceived positive and negative parental comments on weight/shape and eating, with sons' and daughters' psychological distress and eating disorder cognitions (EDCs).

METHODS

A representative mixed-sex sample of 2204 Australian adolescents (12-19 years) from the EveryBODY Study completed an online survey exploring eating behaviours, psychological wellbeing and experiences of parental comments regarding weight, shape and eating behaviours.

RESULTS

Correlation analyses revealed that adolescents' reports of perceived positive parental comments on shape/weight were significantly associated with lower psychological distress and EDCs only for daughters. All perceived negative parental comments on shape/weight or eating were associated with greater psychological distress and EDCs for both sons and daughters. In the final model of the regression analysis, only perceived parental negative shape/weight and maternal negative eating comments, adolescent stage and biological sex were significantly associated with EDCs. When known contributors such as BMI percentile and psychological distress were included in the regression model, adolescent stage and perceived negative paternal comments were no longer significantly associated with EDCs.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, results show perceived negative comments were associated with poorer adolescent mental health, both their specific EDCs and general distress. Findings highlight the importance of raising awareness of potential negative impacts within family systems of comments around weight/shape and eating in these key formative years. Trial Registration The study was approved by the Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC 5201600312) and the New South Wales Department of Education.

摘要

背景

青春期是情绪和身体快速发育的时期，此时基础自我概念（包括对自己体重和体型的看法）得以确立。父母是青少年观念和行为的关键影响因素。本研究旨在调查父母对体重/体型和饮食的积极与消极评价与子女心理困扰及饮食失调认知（EDC）之间的关联。

方法

从“人人健康”研究中选取2204名澳大利亚青少年（12 - 19岁）组成具有代表性的混合性别样本，他们完成了一项在线调查，内容涉及饮食行为、心理健康以及父母关于体重、体型和饮食行为评价的经历。

结果

相关性分析显示，只有女儿报告的父母对体型/体重的积极评价与较低的心理困扰和饮食失调认知显著相关。父母对体型/体重或饮食的所有消极评价均与儿子和女儿更大的心理困扰及饮食失调认知相关。在回归分析的最终模型中，只有父母对体型/体重的消极评价、母亲对饮食的消极评价、青少年阶段和生物学性别与饮食失调认知显著相关。当回归模型纳入体重指数百分位数和心理困扰等已知因素时，青少年阶段和父亲的消极评价不再与饮食失调认知显著相关。

结论

总体而言，结果表明消极评价与青少年较差的心理健康相关，包括他们特定的饮食失调认知和一般困扰。研究结果凸显了在这些关键的成长阶段提高对家庭系统中围绕体重/体型和饮食的评论潜在负面影响的认识的重要性。试验注册该研究获得了麦考瑞大学人类研究伦理委员会（HREC 5201600312）和新南威尔士州教育部的批准。