Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May;9(15):e2103222. doi: 10.1002/advs.202103222. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and are attractive in biotechnology and biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers as well as therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this potential is the ability to manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such as proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for their processing and characterization. Furthermore, there is a lack of well-characterized reference exosome materials to aid in selection of methods for exosome isolation, purification, and analysis. This review informs exosome research and technology development by comparing exosome processing and characterization methods and recommending exosome workflows. This review also provides a detailed introduction to exosomes, including their physical and chemical properties, roles in normal biological processes and in disease progression, and summarizes some of the on-going clinical trials.
外泌体是细胞外囊泡，可共享其亲本细胞的成分，在外生物技术和生物医学研究中作为有吸引力的潜在疾病生物标志物以及治疗剂。实现这一潜力的关键是能够制造高质量的外泌体；然而，与生物制剂（如蛋白质）不同，外泌体缺乏用于其加工和表征的标准化良好生产规范。此外，缺乏经过良好表征的参考外泌体材料来帮助选择外泌体分离、纯化和分析的方法。通过比较外泌体处理和表征方法并推荐外泌体工作流程，本综述为外泌体研究和技术开发提供了信息。本综述还对外泌体进行了详细介绍，包括其物理和化学性质、在正常生物学过程和疾病进展中的作用，并总结了一些正在进行的临床试验。
