Domaradzki Jarosław, Koźlenia Dawid, Popowczak Marek
Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2022 Dec;62(12):1735-1741. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.22.13539-5. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
High-intensive interval training (HIIT) is an effective way to reduce body fat. Numerous studies confirmed the effectiveness of the HIIT for cardiorespiratory fitness development. Fewer studies examined the relationship between these factors in one dependencies model in overweight and obese adolescents. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine whether cardiorespiratory fitness mediated the relationship between HIIT and body fat% and whether sex moderated this relation.
Thirty-six students (15 boys and 21 girls) aged 16.02±0.39 years were examined. Participants were assigned to the HIIT intervention or control group. The intervention lasted 14 minutes during one physical education lesson per week for ten weeks. Harvard step-test results which reflected cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat% received via bioimpedance, were analyzed.
Mediation analysis was conducted in the whole group because sex was not a moderator in any associations (P>0.05). HIIT intervention was associated with reducing body fat% (B=-3.63, P=0.029) and improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness (B=4.487, P<0.001). Simultaneously, body fat% was significantly mediated by changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (B=-2.21, P<0.049). Significant effect of HIIT on body fat% decreased (B
HIIT training is an effective method of reducing body fat% and improving cardiorespiratory fitness. A higher cardiorespiratory fitness level may be conducive to increase the effectiveness of HIIT training, which translates into a more effective reduction of body fat. Due to the lack of sex moderation in the observed relationships, this effect occurs in both sexes.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是减少体脂的有效方法。众多研究证实了HIIT对心肺适能发展的有效性。较少有研究在一个依存模型中考察超重和肥胖青少年这些因素之间的关系。因此，本研究的主要目的是检验心肺适能是否介导了HIIT与体脂百分比之间的关系，以及性别是否调节了这种关系。
对36名年龄为16.02±0.39岁的学生（15名男生和21名女生）进行了检查。参与者被分配到HIIT干预组或对照组。干预在每周一节体育课中持续14分钟，共持续十周。分析了通过生物电阻抗获得的反映心肺适能和体脂百分比的哈佛台阶试验结果。
在整个组中进行了中介分析，因为性别在任何关联中都不是调节因素（P>0.05）。HIIT干预与体脂百分比降低（B=-3.63，P=0.029）和心肺适能改善（B=4.487，P<0.001）相关。同时，心肺适能的变化显著介导了体脂百分比（B=-2.21，P<0.049）。在纳入心肺适能后，HIIT对体脂百分比的显著效应降低（B直接<B总）且不再显著（B=-1.42，P=0.431）。
HIIT训练是降低体脂百分比和改善心肺适能的有效方法。较高的心肺适能水平可能有助于提高HIIT训练的效果，这转化为更有效地减少体脂。由于在观察到的关系中缺乏性别调节作用，这种效应在两性中均出现。
