Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarra (UPNA)-Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
Physical Fitness and Nutrition Center, KCFIT. Santiago de Cali, Colombia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Aug;34(8):2178-2188. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003533.
Ramírez-Vélez, R, Castro-Astudillo, K, Correa-Bautista, JE, González-Ruíz, K, Izquierdo, M, García-Hermoso, A, Álvarez, C, Ramírez-Campillo, R, and Correa-Rodríguez, M. The effect of 12 weeks of different exercise training modalities or nutritional guidance on cardiometabolic risk factors, vascular parameters and physical fitness in overweight adults: cardiometabolic high-intensity interval training-resistance training randomized controlled study. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2178-2188, 2020-Evidence suggests that exercise training improves cardiometabolic risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT), concurrent training (CT = HIIT + RT), or nutritional guidance (NG) induced improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, vascular parameters, and physical fitness in overweight adults, and to compare the responses between the 4 intervention groups. This is a twelve-weeks factorial randomized design examining the effects of different exercise regimes and/or NG on anthropometric and body composition (fat and lean mass at whole body, trunk fat, fat mass index, appendicular muscle mass, and waist circumference); cardiometabolic risk factors and vascular parameters (blood lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation [FMD%], aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index); and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness and handgrip strength). Adjusted mixed linear models revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (mL·kg·min): HIIT +8.3, RT +4.1, and CT +6.3 (all p < 0.001). The improvement difference between the groups was statistically significant between the HIIT and NG group (p = 0.014), (time × group interaction F(23.564); p < 0.001; η partial = 0.365). In addition, the RT and CT groups have a significant positive impact on PWV (m·s) (d = 0.391 and 0.229 respectively; p < 0.001, (time × group interaction F(5.457); p = 0.003; η partial = 0.280). Hereafter, the RT group has a significant positive impact on the FMD (%) in comparison to HIIT, CT, or NG group (time × group interaction F(2.942); p = 0.044; η partial = 0.174). The main findings of this study are that 12 weeks of HIIT leads to significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas RT resulted in improvements in the vascular profile, supporting the positive effect of both training programs for cardiometabolic risk factors in sedentary and overweight adults.
拉米雷斯 - 贝莱斯、R、卡斯特罗 - 阿斯特迪略、K、科雷亚 - 包蒂斯塔、JE、冈萨雷斯 - 鲁伊斯、K、伊齐亚尔多、M、加西亚 - 埃莫西约、A、阿尔瓦雷斯、C、拉米雷斯 - 坎皮洛、R 和科雷亚 - 罗德里格斯、M. 12 周不同运动训练方式或营养指导对超重成年人心脏代谢风险因素、血管参数和身体适应性的影响：心脏代谢高强度间歇训练 - 抗阻训练随机对照研究。J 强能力研究 34（8）：2178-2188，2020-有证据表明，运动训练可以改善心脏代谢风险因素。本研究的目的是探讨 12 周高强度间歇训练（HIIT）、抗阻训练（RT）、联合训练（CT = HIIT + RT）或营养指导（NG）是否能改善超重成年人的心脏代谢风险因素、血管参数和身体适应性，并比较 4 个干预组之间的反应。这是一项为期 12 周的因子随机设计研究，研究了不同运动方案和/或 NG 对人体测量和身体成分（全身脂肪和瘦体重、躯干脂肪、脂肪质量指数、四肢肌肉质量和腰围）的影响；心脏代谢风险因素和血管参数（血脂、空腹血糖、血压、血流介导的扩张率 [FMD%]、主动脉脉搏波速度（PWV）和增强指数）；以及身体适应性（心肺适应性和握力）。调整后的混合线性模型显示心肺适应性（mL·kg·min）有显著改善：HIIT +8.3、RT +4.1 和 CT +6.3（均 p < 0.001）。组间的改善差异在 HIIT 和 NG 组之间具有统计学意义（p = 0.014），（时间×组交互作用 F（23.564）；p < 0.001；η偏 = 0.365）。此外，RT 和 CT 组对 PWV（m·s）有显著的积极影响（d = 0.391 和 0.229，分别；p < 0.001，（时间×组交互作用 F（5.457）；p = 0.003；η偏 = 0.280）。此后，与 HIIT、CT 或 NG 组相比，RT 组对 FMD（%）有显著的积极影响（时间×组交互作用 F（2.942）；p = 0.044；η偏 = 0.174）。本研究的主要发现是，12 周的 HIIT 可显著改善心肺适应性，而 RT 则可改善血管状况，支持这两种训练方案对久坐和超重成年人心脏代谢风险因素的积极影响。
