Department of Biostructure, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Team Sports Games, Faculty of Physical Education, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 1;19(3):1698. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031698.
Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), elevated blood pressure (BP), and high fatness are cardiovascular disease risk factors. It remains unknown how fatness affects the influence of CRF on BP. Therefore, the aim was to examine whether the associations between baseline CRF and HIIT-postintervention resting BP were mediated through fatness in adolescents.
The sample (n = 64) comprised 28 boys 36 girls aged 16 years. The analysed factors were fitness index- reflecting CRF, body fat mass (BFM), fat mass index (FMI), and body mass index (BMI). Bootstrapped mediation procedures were performed. The mediation analysis was conducted concerning the sex moderation effect.
The mediation effect of sex was confirmed; therefore, mediations models were designed separately for boys and girls. The results showed a statistically significant inverse relationship between baseline CRF and post-intervention systolic blood pressure (SBP) in both sexes (boys: B = -0.603, = 0.010; girls: B = -0.394, = 0.037). The relations between CRF and SBP revealed the mediation effect of the BFM and the FMI only in boys.
Fatness mediated associations between CRF and SBP in boys. Therefore, both CRF and fatness are necessary to maintain positive results of the BP revealed in normal SBP ranges after HIIT.
低心肺适能（CRF）、血压升高和肥胖是心血管疾病的危险因素。目前尚不清楚肥胖如何影响 CRF 对血压的影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨基线 CRF 与高强度间歇训练（HIIT）后静息血压之间的关联是否通过青少年的肥胖程度来介导。
该样本（n=64）包括 28 名男孩和 36 名女孩，年龄为 16 岁。分析的因素包括反映 CRF 的体能指数、体脂肪量（BFM）、脂肪质量指数（FMI）和体重指数（BMI）。采用 bootstrap 中介程序进行分析。对性别调节效应进行了中介分析。
性别中介效应得到了证实；因此，分别为男孩和女孩设计了中介模型。结果表明，在两性中，基线 CRF 与干预后收缩压（SBP）呈显著负相关（男孩：B=-0.603，p=0.010；女孩：B=-0.394，p=0.037）。CRF 与 SBP 之间的关系仅在男孩中显示出 BFM 和 FMI 的中介效应。
肥胖在男孩中介导了 CRF 与 SBP 之间的关联。因此，在 HIIT 后，保持正常 SBP 范围内的血压积极结果，既需要 CRF，也需要考虑肥胖因素。
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