Quinson Jonathan
Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 May;303:102643. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102643. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
Precious metals are key in various fields of research and precious metal nanomaterials are directly relevant for optics, catalysis, pollution management, sensing, medicine, and many other applications. Iridium based nanomaterials are less studied than metals like gold, silver or platinum. A specific feature of iridium nanomaterials is the relatively small size nanoparticles and clusters easily obtained, e.g. by colloidal syntheses. Progress over the years overcomes the related challenging characterization and it is expected that the knowledge on iridium chemistry and nanomaterials will be growing. Although Ir nanoparticles have been preferred systems for the development of kinetic-based models of nanomaterial formation, there is surprisingly little knowledge on the actual formation mechanism(s) of iridium nanoparticles. Following the impulse from the high expectations on Ir nanoparticles as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in electrolyzers, new areas of applications of iridium materials have been reported while more established applications are being revisited. This review covers different synthetic strategies of iridium nanoparticles and provides an in breadth overview of applications reported. Comprehensive Tables and more detailed topic-oriented overviews are proposed in Supplementary Material, covering synthesis protocols, the historical role or iridium nanoparticles in the development of nanoscience and applications in catalysis.
贵金属在各个研究领域都至关重要，贵金属纳米材料与光学、催化、污染治理、传感、医学及许多其他应用直接相关。与金、银或铂等金属相比，基于铱的纳米材料研究较少。铱纳米材料的一个特定特征是相对容易获得尺寸较小的纳米颗粒和团簇，例如通过胶体合成法。多年来的进展克服了相关的表征难题，预计铱化学和纳米材料方面的知识将会不断增长。尽管铱纳米颗粒一直是开发基于动力学的纳米材料形成模型的首选体系，但令人惊讶的是，关于铱纳米颗粒实际形成机制的知识却很少。受对铱纳米颗粒作为电解槽析氧反应催化剂的高度期望的推动，铱材料的新应用领域不断涌现，同时一些已有的应用也在被重新审视。本综述涵盖了铱纳米颗粒的不同合成策略，并对已报道的应用进行了广泛概述。补充材料中提供了综合表格和更详细的主题导向概述，涵盖合成方案、铱纳米颗粒在纳米科学发展中的历史作用以及在催化方面的应用。
