Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 13;14(6):1214. doi: 10.3390/nu14061214.
Diet is a determinant for bodyweight and gut microbiota composition. Changes in dietary patterns are useful for the prevention and management of overweight and obesity. We aim to evaluate diet behavior and its potential association with selected gut bacteria and body weight among Mexican young adults. Mexican college students aged between 18 and 25 (normal-weight, overweight, and obese) were recruited. Anthropometric variables were recorded. A validated food frequency questionnaire was applied to all the participants. The percentages of macronutrients, fiber, and energy were calculated, and fecal samples were analyzed by real-time-qPCR to quantify selected gut bacteria. All the participants showed an unbalanced dietary pattern. However, the consumption of fruits, non-fat cereals, and oils and fats without protein were higher in the normal-weight individuals. In the overweight/obese participants, fiber intake did not correlate with the microbial variables, while Kcal from protein and correlated positively with . Similarly, correlated with In the normal-weight participants, and correlated positively with and , respectively, and negatively with . In conclusion, a higher fiber intake had a positive impact on body weight and bacterial gut composition in this Mexican population of college students.
饮食是体重和肠道微生物组成的决定因素。改变饮食模式有助于超重和肥胖的预防和管理。我们旨在评估墨西哥年轻成年人的饮食行为及其与选定肠道细菌和体重的潜在关联。招募了年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间的墨西哥大学生（体重正常、超重和肥胖）。记录了人体测量变量。对所有参与者应用了经过验证的食物频率问卷。计算了宏量营养素、纤维和能量的百分比，并通过实时 qPCR 分析粪便样本以定量选择肠道细菌。所有参与者的饮食模式均不平衡。然而，体重正常的个体摄入更多的水果、无脂谷物和不含蛋白质的油脂。在超重/肥胖参与者中，纤维摄入与微生物变量无关，而来自蛋白质的 Kcal 和 与 呈正相关。同样， 与 呈正相关，而 与 呈负相关。在体重正常的参与者中， 和 分别与 呈正相关，与 呈负相关。总之，在墨西哥大学生群体中，较高的纤维摄入对体重和肠道细菌组成有积极影响。
