Kowalski Elias, Stengel Andreas, Schneider Axel, Goebel-Stengel Miriam, Zipfel Stephan, Graf Johanna
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Health Department Freudenstadt, 72250 Freudenstadt, Germany.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Mar 16;10(3):455. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030455.
(1) Background: Booster vaccinations for SARS-CoV-2 convalescents are essential for achieving herd immunity. For the first time, this study examined the influencing factors of vaccination willingness among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and identified vaccination-hesitant subgroups. (2) Methods: Individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were recruited by telephone. They completed an online questionnaire during their home isolation in Germany. This questionnaire assessed the vaccination willingness and its influencing factors. (3) Results: 224 home-isolated individuals with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the study. Vaccination willingness of home-isolated SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with asymptomatic or moderate course was 54%. The following factors were associated with significantly lower vaccination willingness: younger age, foreign nationality, low income, low trust in vaccination effectiveness, fear of negative vaccination effects, low trust in the governmental pandemic management, low subjective informativeness about SARS-CoV-2, support of conspiracy theories. (4) Conclusions: The vaccination willingness of home-isolated SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with asymptomatic or moderate symptomatic course was low. Motivational vaccination campaigns should be adapted to individuals with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and consider the vaccination-hesitant groups. Vaccination education should be demand-driven, low-threshold, begin during the acute infection phase, and be guided for example by the established 5C model ("confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, collective responsibility").
（1）背景：为新冠康复者接种加强针对于实现群体免疫至关重要。本研究首次调查了新冠病毒感染者接种意愿的影响因素，并确定了对接种持犹豫态度的亚组。（2）方法：通过电话招募新冠病毒PCR检测结果呈阳性的个体。他们在德国居家隔离期间完成了一份在线问卷。该问卷评估了接种意愿及其影响因素。（3）结果：224名急性感染新冠病毒的居家隔离个体被纳入研究。无症状或症状较轻的居家隔离新冠病毒感染者的接种意愿为54%。以下因素与显著较低的接种意愿相关：年龄较小、外国国籍、低收入、对疫苗有效性的信任度低、对疫苗负面效果的恐惧、对政府疫情管理的信任度低、对新冠病毒的主观了解不足、支持阴谋论。（4）结论：无症状或症状较轻的居家隔离新冠病毒感染者的接种意愿较低。激励性接种活动应针对急性感染新冠病毒的个体进行调整，并考虑对接种持犹豫态度的群体。接种教育应以需求为导向、门槛低、在急性感染阶段开始，并例如以既定的5C模型（“信心、自满、限制、算计、集体责任”）为指导。
