Kowalski Elias, Schneider Axel, Zipfel Stephan, Stengel Andreas, Graf Johanna
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Health Department Freudenstadt, Freudenstadt, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Nov 22;12:748244. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.748244. eCollection 2021.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to pronounced health changes, especially for those infected and psychologically burdened. This cross-sectional study examined the stress experience and coping strategies during home isolation of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and analyzed differences regarding psychological burden. SARS-CoV-2 infected respondents were recruited by telephone and completed an online survey during their home isolation. This questionnaire assessed sociodemographic aspects, somatic factors, psychological burden (depressive symptoms, anxiety, and somatic symptom disorder), perceived stress and coping behavior during the home isolation. Out of 838 SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals during the study period, 648 were contacted and 224 home-isolated respondents were included in the study. Disgrace, social restrictions, job fear, health concerns, and infectiousness could be explored as stressors during the home isolation. Fifty-four percent experienced psychological burden. SARS-CoV-2 infected and home-isolated individuals with psychological burden perceived significant stressors more strongly ( < 0.001, = 0.5) and coped significantly less ( < 0.001, = 0.3) with their infection and home isolation compared to SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals without psychological burden. SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with psychological burden experienced higher stressors and were unable to cope adaptively with home isolation. Therefore, a general and standardized screening procedure for psychological burden should be established. SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with psychological burden should receive targeted support with professional help in the areas of stress experience and coping skills during their home isolation and beyond to avoid long-term consequences.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行已导致显著的健康变化，尤其是对那些感染者和有心理负担的人而言。这项横断面研究调查了SARS-CoV-2感染者居家隔离期间的压力体验和应对策略，并分析了心理负担方面的差异。通过电话招募SARS-CoV-2感染者，并在他们居家隔离期间完成一项在线调查。该问卷评估了社会人口学方面、躯体因素、心理负担（抑郁症状、焦虑和躯体症状障碍）、居家隔离期间感知到的压力和应对行为。在研究期间的838名SARS-CoV-2感染者中，联系了648人，224名居家隔离的受访者被纳入研究。耻辱感、社会限制、工作担忧、健康问题和传染性可被视为居家隔离期间的压力源。54%的人经历了心理负担。与没有心理负担的SARS-CoV-2感染者相比，有心理负担的SARS-CoV-2感染者和居家隔离者更强烈地感知到显著的压力源（<0.001，效应量=0.5），并且对感染和居家隔离的应对能力明显更弱（<0.001，效应量=0.3）。有心理负担的SARS-CoV-2感染者经历了更高的压力源，并且无法很好地应对居家隔离。因此，应建立一个针对心理负担的通用且标准化的筛查程序。有心理负担的SARS-CoV-2感染者在居家隔离期间及之后应在压力体验和应对技能方面获得专业帮助的有针对性支持，以避免长期后果。
